摘要
（１）采用针刺接种、催芽接种和浸渍接种等３种接种方式对１３个甘蔗品种进行抗黑穗病能力的评价，结果表明：品种间对黑穗病的抗性存在着真实的遗传差异；浸渍接种可使品种的形态学抗性和生理生化抗性得到充分体现，客观而真实地反映品种的抗病性；针刺接种或催芽接种可越过形态学障碍而直接检查品种生理生化的抗性反应。（２）采用浸渍接种法测定８个甘蔗品种在整个发病生长季产生黑穗病株的发展动态，从累积的丛感染率和感染率的发展曲线分析表明：黑穗病鞭子在整个生长季的发生，明显有３个稳定的发展水平，丛感染率虽能较好地反映品种的初侵染，而茎感染率则更适于检测再侵染的状况，更加准确地评价品种的抗病性；茎感染率的发展曲线采用模拟是适宜的，其中Ｋ值作为品种抗病性鉴定指标以评价甘蔗品种抗黑穗病的育种潜力是可行的；采用病情流行总量作为品种抗病性鉴定指标比其他流行学参数（如Ｙｍａｘ．Ｙｏ．Ｐ．ｒ）可能会更合理些，与Ｋ值的评价效果取得了一致性。
Three inoculation methods including needle wood, spout bud and dip inoculation methods were used to evaluate the ability of smut resistance for thirteen varieties of sugarcane. The results indicated that there were really inheritant differences between the tested varieties for their smut resistances, The dip inoculation could enable the varieties to express their resistances completely in modelity and bilchemistry, which the needle wound and spout bud inoculation could overcome the barrier of modelity in biochemistry. (2)The dip inoculation method was used to test eight sugarcane varieties that produced their smut progress curves in the whole season. Analysis form smut progress curves of accumulated percentage of infected plants and stalks indicated that wipes occured in whole season and appearently showed three steady developing levels. The percentages of infected plants (IP) could only be used to detect the preliminary infection, but the percentages of infected stalks (IS) could more really detect the secondary infection and accurately eveluate smut resistance of varieties. The progress curves of IS could be simulated with N=K/1+ea-rt model, where the K vale could be regarded as identification index of smut resistance to evaluate the breeding potential of smut resistance for sugarcane varieties. The smut epidemic parameter (such as Ymax, Yo, P. r) and gave the similarity in evaluating efficiency as well as the K value.
关键词
甘蔗
黑穗病
品种
抗病性
鉴定
sugarcane smut
the identification of resistance for varieties
technical index
