摘要
对156例急性氯中毒的发病机理和治疗用药进行了总结。发现中毒的程度除了与吸入氯气的量和时间呈正相关关系外,还与患者的年龄、中毒前是否过度饮酒和是否原有心肺疾病有关。有效的氧疗法、大剂量激素和山莨菪碱的应用,对提高血氧饱和度(SaO_2)、改善组织缺氧状态,减轻呼吸道炎性反应和解除支气管痉挛至关重要。同时,超声雾化吸入用药有助于解除咽喉和气管痉挛,纠正酸中毒和预防继发感染。对中毒较重的婴幼儿早期小剂量使用强心剂可预防心衰的发生。
156 cases of acute poisoning are analyzed.The se-verity of chlorine poisoning was not only positivelycorrelated with the density of the chlorine inhaled andthe length of time of exposure to it but also related tothe ages of the patients and whether the patients had aprepoisoning history of alcohol overdrinking and theunderlying cardopulmonary diseases.We suggest thatadequate oxygen therapy and use of large doses ofcorticosteroids and anisodamine play an importantrole in raising oxygen saturation of the arterial blood,improving tissue anoxia,alleviating the inflammatoryreaction of the respiratory tract and releasingbronchial spasm.Also ultrasonic aerosol inhalationserves to release pharyngolarygeal spasm,correctacidosis and prevent secondary infection.Early use ofcardiotonics in a small dose may prevent the occur-rence of cardiac failure.
出处
《中国危重病急救医学》
CAS
CSCD
1993年第4期220-222,共3页
Chinese Critical Care Medicine
关键词
氯中毒
临床
血液
氧
chlorine poisoning
oxygen saturation
