摘要
本文研究了鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林和针叶林的凋落物量及凋落物中主要营养元素(N、P、K、Ca、Mg)的含量。8年的测定结果表明,两个森林类型的年均凋落物量(t·ha^(-1))及凋落物中主要营养元素的含量(t·ha^(-1)·yr^(-1))分别为:常绿阔叶林9.056,0.220;针叶林2.695,0.032。凋落物中叶、枝和花果的百分组成及凋落特征各异。鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林的年均凋落物量低于热带雨林而高于暖温带落叶阔叶林,说明不同气候带的森林类型,其凋落物量是有差异的。与针叶林相比较,常绿阔叶林的凋落物量较大,凋落物中主要营养元素的含量较高,凋落物的分解速率也较快,因此从提高森林的质量和增强森林的生态效益来考虑,在造林绿化上应提倡多营造常绿阔叶林或针阔叶混交林。
The paper deals with the production and nutrient contents of litter of Dinghu Shan Mountain broad-leaved evergreen forest and coniferous forest from the period of 1983--1990. The annual litterfall is: broad--leaved evergreen forest 9.056t·ha^(-1)·yr^(-1); coniferous forest 2.695t·ha^(-1)·yr^(-1). Those fractions as leaf, branch flower and fruit vary in these two types of forests. The main total nutrient contents(N, P, K, Ca, Mg) in litter for broad- leaved forest are much higher than those for coniferous forest. The annual litterfall in broad--leaved evergreen forest is less than those in tropical rain forest,but higher than those in temperate deciduous broad--leaved forest. This leads to such an implication that the litterfall is highly related to zonal climatic patterns. The alternation of high and low litterfall was fo- und during this 8 year period. Compared with coniferous forest,broad--leaved forest offers more in the aspect of soil erosion control and soil improvement due to its high litterfall, rapid decomposition and high nutrient contents in litter.
关键词
森林
凋落物
营养元素
生物量
生态
Lowland subtropical forest
Broad-leaved evergreen forest
Coniferous forest
Litter fall
Nutrient content
