摘要
以亚洲棉(Gossypium arboreum)7个品种和索马里棉(G.somalense)为材料进行种间杂交,并以亚洲棉品种平湖大种×索马里棉为代表,研究了种间杂种的胚胎发育。结果表明:亚洲棉母本的不同品种和杂交时期的气温条件,对种间杂交的结铃率、结籽数和正常胚数均有很大影响。种间杂种的胚乳发育较迟缓,其主要的障碍表现在胚胎分化的异常。亚洲棉×索马里棉杂种F_1苗期生长停滞,不能成株。以亚洲棉或陆地棉(G.hirsutum)为砧木进行多次嫁接,能有效地促进杂种的正常生长,并已现蕾开花。试验还对亚洲棉×索马里棉杂种F_1进行了形态观察。
Interspecific hybridizations were made between 7 varieties of Gossypium arboreum and G. somalense, and the embryogenetic processes following interspecific pollinations of G. arboreum cv. pinghudazhong × G. somalense were investigated. Results indicated that, in the crosses of G. arboreum × G. somalensd, the boll setting, the seeds and fully developed embryos obtained in pet-valid boll were strongly influenced by the variety of female parent G. arboreum and the temperature condition of the date of cross. Result of embryology studies showed that the development of hybrid endosperm was postponed, but the main barrier of hybridization for this combination was the abnormal differentiation of the hybrid embryos. Further studies showed that the growth of the seedlings of F1 hybrids of G. arboreum × G. somalense was stagnant, and most of the hybrids died in seedling stage. However, it could be effectively improved and now flowered plants had obtained by successive multiple grafting the hybrids on G. arboreum of G. hirsutum stocks. At last. the morphological characters of thd F1 hybrids of G. arboreum × C. somalense were investigated.
基金
国家"八五"攻关课题
关键词
亚洲棉
种间杂交
胚胎发育
棉花
G. arboreum
G. somalense
interspecific hybridization
embryonic development
