摘要
要 :《文赋》是中国文学批评史上第一篇完整而系统的文学理论论文。陆机以文学构思为中心阐明了一系列文学理论问题。他的创作动机论有着朴素的唯物主义色彩。他充分肯定深入观察、运用想象、广泛钻研古籍、培养自己的高尚情志在构思中的作用 ,阐述了“物—意—文”的关系 ,并提出了文章以意为主 ,辞章、文律为辅的观点。对为文的利弊 ,他提出了“达变识次”的见解和“唱、应、和、悲、雅、艳”六条文学创作标准。《文赋》阐述了作家才性与文章风格的关系 ,并对文章的内容与形式、继承与发展的关系提出了正确的看法。《文赋》对文学的社会作用作了充分的肯定 ,并加以具体说明 ,论述精辟。《文赋》最大的不足在于“
Wen Fu”is the first complete and systematic theoretic work in the history of Chinese literary criticism,which is focused on a series of theoretic matters about literary creation.Its view on the motives of literary creation has a simple style of materialism and it stresses the importance of observation,imagination,knowledge of classical works and personal moralities of writers.It puts forth material,intention and expression (“物—意—文”)as the three essentials of a writing and elaborates their relation and interaction so as to point out the priority of (intention)“意”in a writing.As to evaluate a writing,the writer put forward his idea in two words——adapting to changing conditions,complying with objective laws.Moreover,he formulated six characters such as presentation,response,echo,touchingness,elegance and marvel as the criteria of literary creation.The work also covers lots of other matters such as the relation between personalities of writers and styles of writings, the relation between contents and forms,and the relation between inheritance and innovation.It affirms and ellustrates that literature plays an important and distinctive role in social development.To be artificial and scrappy is considered the greatest weakness of the great work.
出处
《南京师范大学文学院学报》
2000年第2期22-26,共5页
Journal of School of Chinese Language and Culture Nanjing Normal University
关键词
物-意-文
达变识次
唱
应
和
悲
雅
艳
and Expressions:material intention expression
adapting to changing conditions
complying with objective laws
presentation,response,echo,touchingness,elegance and marvel.
