摘要
文章介绍了能值理论的发展历程、基本概念和原理,并对美国波多黎各地区(PuertoRico)退化森林生态系统6种不同恢复重建措施进行了能值投入和产出分析,结果表明每公顷货币成本分别以经济林最高(9712＄),自然演替林次之(1620＄),外来物种入侵林最低(1217＄);能量转换效率即能值转换率分别以涵养林最高(5.5×104sej/J),自然演替林次之(3.9×104sej/J),外来物种自发入侵林最低(2.0×104sej/J);能值货币价值以自然演替林最高(4006Em＄),经济林次之(3044Em＄),外来物种自发入侵最低(1554Em＄)。
Emergy (spelled with a `m'), a newly energy analysis and evaluation methodology developed by famous ecologist H.T.Odum by the end of 1980s, is defined as the amount of energy of one form (usually solar energy) directly or indirectly required to provide a given flow or storage of energy. The ratio of emergy required to make a product to the energy of the product is called transformity, and its economic equivalent named emdollars. Because all the material, energy and information in natural and social ecosystems can be quantified and coupled on this comparable bendmark, it is alleged as a new way to account and evaluate environment resource, policy response and sustainable management. A full explanation of the concepts, principles and procedures are introduced in this paper, and six reforestation alternatives in Puerto Rico are taken as a case study, the results showed that natural succession had low cost(1620$/hm^2), high transformity(3.9×10~4sej/J) and high emdollars (4006Em$); Spontaneous colonization had lowest cost(1217$/hm^2),low transformity(2.0×10~4sej/J) and low emdollar(1554Em$); Plantations had highest dollar cost(9712$/hm^2), higher transformity(5.5×10~4sej/J)and lower emdollars(1713Em$).According to emergy analysis results, the decision makers can choose corresponding policy responses for regional management.
出处
《地域研究与开发》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第1期96-99,共4页
Areal Research and Development
关键词
能值
能值转化率
环境管理
emergy
transformity
environmental management
