2Mattison LE, Coppage L, Alderman DF. Pleural effusion in the medical ICU: prevalence, cause, and implication [ J ]. Chest, 1997,111(4) :1018-1023. 被引量：1
3Afessa B. Pleural effusion and pneumothorax in hospitalized patients with HIV infection: the pulmonary complication, ICU support, and prognostic factors of hospitalized patients with HIV (PIP) study[J]. Chest,2000,117(4) :1031-1037. 被引量：1
4Colt HG, Brewer N, Barbur E. Evalumion of patient-related and procedure-related factors contributing to pneumothorax following thoracentesis[ J ]. Chest, 1999,116 ( 1 ) : 134. 被引量：1
1Azoulay E. Pleural effusions in the intensive care unit [ J ]. Curr Opin Pulm Med,2003 ,9 :292-297. 被引量：1
2Lichtenstein D, Hulot J S, Rabiller A, et al. Feasibility and safety of ultrasound - aided thoracentesis in mechanical ventilation patients [ J ]. Intensive Care M ed, 1999, 25 : 955-958. 被引量：1
3Farthoukh M , Azoulay E, Galliot R, et al. Clinically documented pleura effusions in medical ICU patients:how useful is routine thoracentesis [ J ] ? Chest,2002,121 : 178-184. 被引量：1
