摘要
本文主要论述南水北调东线工程山东“一线两湖”(梁济运河沿线、南四湖及东平湖)区域土壤盐渍地球化学特性,为区域水盐状况的评价及水盐管理提供科学依据。研究表明:梁山及嘉祥监测区为表土积盐,而金乡监测区为底土积盐。3年来,梁山区的积盐率>金乡区>嘉祥区,金乡区的绝对含盐量增加最多。目前,区域土壤盐分处于轻度盐化阶段,威胁作物正常生长的土壤面积已占50%。经研究统计得出:区域土壤盐分离子组成中,HCO_3,Cl^-,SO_4^(2-)相对百分比例为37:25:38;而 Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),Na^++K^+比例为13:8:79。因此,从离子组合规律分析,认为中性钠盐为主,也有一定量的碱性钠盐存在,钠离子含量高这是本区土壤盐渍地球化学的重要特点。据统计,本区盐分组成类型以 HCO_3·SO_4(Cl)～Na·Ca 为主,盐渍类型以氯化物硫酸盐和硫酸盐氯化物为主。据统计,全区3年多点土壤 pH 值平均为8.4,1987年平均值>1988年>1989年。水化学研究表明:1987～1989 3年全区矿化度逐年递增,递增率为72%,从淡水阶段已发展到低矿化阶段,梁山区递增率为138.5%,嘉祥区仅为23.8%。
Chemical characteristics of salinized soil in the area of ″one line and two lakes″(the line along the canal between Liangshan and Jining,and the two lakes are the Nansi and Do- ngping)in Shandong Province,the eastern part of the project of ″Diverting water from south to north (DWSN)″,are discussed,Investigation showed that salt accumulated in the topsoil in the monitored areas of Liangshan and Jiaxiang,but in bottom soil in Jinxiang. The order of salinization rate was Liangshan>Jinxiang>Jiaxiang.It is the important char- acteristics of the areal salinized soil chemistry that.the content of sodium ion is very high with most of neutral sodium salt and a certain amount of alkaline sodium salt.According to the statistics,HCO_3 SO_4(Cl)-Na Ca are the mainly composition form,and chloride sulphate and sulphate chloride are the chief salinized type.The mineralizing degree of the to- tal area increased year after year from 1987 to 1989,accounting for 72% of total.It has de- veloped from fresh water stage to low-salinized stage.
出处
《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
1993年第2期123-129,共7页
Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition
基金
"七五"国家重点科技攻关项目
关键词
地球化学
盐渍类型
土壤
salinized soil chemistry
salinized type
ion composition
water chemistry
pH value
