摘要
本文对三峡水利枢纽初步设计作了简要介绍。一、基本资料:水文资料系列长、精度高,坝址千年一遇洪峰采用98000秒立方米,万年一遇113000秒立方米。以三个洪水典型年用同频率组成法推算入库设计洪水。地质资料丰实,大坝岩基优良,坝区地震基本烈度定为Ⅵ度,水库不会发生水库渗漏。库岸总体稳定条件较好。二、工程观划:正常蓄水位175米,初期156米,防洪库容221.5亿立方米,在百年、千年一遇洪水,配合荆江分洪区等分蓄洪工程,可防止荆江干堤漫溃的毁灭性灾害。电站单机70万千瓦,26台总容量1820万千瓦,年发电量846.8亿千瓦小时。远景扩机后可达2240万千瓦。主要供电华中、华东、兼顾川东。过坝建筑物设双线五级船闸和一线一级垂直升船机。三、枢纽布置及设计:枢纽总布置见图1,枢纽按千年一遇洪水设计,万年一遇洪水加大10％校核。大坝为混凝土重力坝,最大坝高175米,轴线全长2335米。枢纽总泄洪能力11.6万秒立方米。土石方开挖工程量约10000万立方米、土石方填筑约3000万立方米,混凝土约2700万立方米。四、机电设计:水电站最大水头113米,最小水头71米。混流式水轮机转轮直径9.85米。发电机为伞式结构。以500千伏交流和±500千伏直流输电线送电。五、施工组织设计:选用三期导流方案施工。施工通航采用明渠结合临时船闸通航方案。1993年开始施工准备,准备期及一期工程5年,二期工程6年,三期工程6年。总工期17年,第11年开始发电。六、工程概算:按1993年5月末价格,枢纽工程静态投资500.9亿元。七、工程泥沙:经综合研究,水库以“蓄清排浑”方式运行,可长期保留大部分有效库容,库尾、坝区和水库下游的泥沙问题均可解决。八、环境保护:着重研究了减免不利影响所应采取的对策。
<Abstract > A brief introduction to preliminary design of Three Gorges project ismade in this paper. (a) Fundamental data:1000 year flood peak discharge of 98 000ma/s and 10000 year one of 113 000 m3/s at damsite are adopted,which are deducedfrom a long一term hydrographic data of high precision.Based on three typical actual flood hydrograph,the incoming design flood has been deduced with the help of the same frequency composition method. There is a lot of geologic data of project area.The rock quality of dam foundation is very good. The basic seismic intensity is defined as VIgrade (seismic environment stable) at damsite. No reservoir leakage will occur in thisregion. The stability of reservoir bank generally is identified as good.(b) Project planning: The normal reservoir level is175m,with the first stage level of 156m. Flood control storage of 22150 million m^3 together with Jingjiang flood diversion area and others can safeguard the Jingjiang dyke from suffering the disastrous damage caused by dyke failure,against a 100 or 1000 year flood. The powerplant has a total installed capacity of l8. 2 million kW.with 26 power units,each of 0. 7 million k W.annual energy output of 81 680 million k W·h.The prospect installed capacity will be 22.4 millionkW.when additional 6 units will be added.Electric energy will be transmitted mainly to central and east China,with a small fraction to eastern part of Sichuan province.The navigation structures consist of double line five一stage shiplocks and a single linevertical shiplift. (c) Design and layout of the project:The general layout of the project is shown in attached drawing. Structures are designed under]000 year flood condition,and checked by 10000 year flood plus 10%.The concrete gravity dam has a maximum height of 175m,with a crest length of 2335m.The flood discharge capacity of this dam is116 X 10' m^3/s.The excavated volume of both earthworks and tockworks is about 100 million m^3,the volume of both earthworks and rockfill is some 30 millionm^3,and the conc
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
1993年第9期1-11,共11页
Yangtze River
关键词
长江三峡
施工
设计
水利枢纽
preliminary design of Three Gorges project
project planning
Layout of project
mechanical and electric equipment design
construction design
project budget
sedimentation
environmental protection
