摘要
本文记述了新发现的昆明大板桥史前洞穴遗址,出土的文化遗存较丰富,包括晚期智人牙齿、动、植物化石、用火遗迹和数以百计的石制品及少量的骨制品。其时代主要为早全新世,文化层下部可能到晚更新世晚期。石制品均甚细小,且以砸击法为主要打片方法,系我国南方首次发现。这样的组合,也是具有我国北方旧石器文化特色的史前文化在云南的首次发现。因此,它是一个具有特殊意义的史前人类洞穴遗址。
A lot of archcological remains including one tooth of late Homo sapiens, used fires remains, several hundreds of stone artifacts, a few bone artifacts and some animal fossils of modern species were found in the Dabanqiao Cave site. The cultural level is 2 meters thick, and its upper part was dated to be 8175± 235 B. P. and 8215± 235 B.P. , its middle part was dated to be 10530 ++++++++++++++ 280 B. P. by 14C dating.
The raw materials of the artifacts are mainly quartz and crystal. The principle flaking method is the bipolar technique. The tool including scrapcr only is mainly made on flakes, retouched roughly, and rregular in shape. Percussion method and bipolar technique were used to retouch. A bone awl carefully polished was found in the site. The evidence mentioned above indicates that this is a special culture not found before in Yunnan, so, it is named 'Dabanqiao Culture'. These remains are different from those found in Yunnan and southeast Asia before, and are somewhat similar to those found in Fulin and the upper part of Ma'anshan site. If, on the consideration that bipolar technique was mainly used to flake,Dabanqiao Culture is more similar to the Cluture of Sinanthropus and Xiaonanhai, which are more earlier than it. Consequently, it can be said that Dabanqiao Culture is probally in closer relation to the paleolithic cultures of North China than to Fulin and Ma'anshan. But it could not be excluded that this is a coincidence of regional culture.
From the study of animal fossils and spores, it is shown that Dabanqiao site is in the subtropical context, in which there are hilly lands and flatlands. Lots of spores of Pinus and some Compositae foumd in the lower part of the cultural level indicate that the climate is warm and a little dry and the spores of pteridophytc of which most are Pteris in the upper part indicate that the climate is damp and hot.
出处
《人类学学报》
CSCD
北大核心
1993年第4期305-318,共14页
Acta Anthropologica Sinica
基金
云南省科委应用基础研究基金项目90D062成果
关键词
砸击波
骨锥
史前期
昆明大板桥
Kunming Dabanqiao
Age of Prehistory
Bipolar Technique
Bone Awl
