摘要
目的 探讨不同水平室内外空气污染对儿童呼吸系统的影响 ,并进行相关因素分析。方法 选取位于太原市城区中心的坝陵桥地区为重污染点 ,位于太原北郊的上兰村地区为轻污染点 ,分别抽取两地学龄儿童30 2人 ,通过问卷调查、肺功能检查结果比较以及进行肺功能主要参数的相关因素分析。结果 通过两地生活环境和个人一般情况比较发现 ,坝陵桥地区灶具以燃气灶为主 ,取暖以中心供暖为主 ,通风条件较好 ;上兰村地区主要以煤炉为灶具和以燃煤为主要供暖方式 ,且家庭通风条件差。两组肺功能参数比较 ,仅在用力肺活量 ( FVC)、第1秒量 ( FEV1 .0 )和 FVC50 %时流速 / FVC2 5%时流速 ( V5 0 / V2 5 )三项差异有显著的统计学意义 ,除 FVC外 ,FEV1 .0和 V5 0 / V2 5 坝陵桥组 (重污染点 )高于上兰村组 (轻污染点 ) ;同时问卷调查也显示轻污染点儿童呼吸系统疾病症状和发生多于重污染组。进一步选择坝陵桥燃气组与上兰村燃煤组儿童进行了比较 ,显示 FVC和 V5 0 / V2 5两项差异有显著的统计学意义 ,V5 0 / V2 5 值坝陵桥组仍高于上兰组。多元逐步回归分析结果显示儿童性别、家人吸烟量、家中取暖设备及通风条件与肺功能有关。结论 室内外空气污染对儿童大、小气道功能均有影响 ,室内小环境污染 (呼吸带水平 )对儿童?
Objective To probe into the effects of indoor and outdoor air pollution on children′s lung function and to analyze the related factors.Methods Selecting Balingqiao district in the central urban area as a severe polluted site,and Shanglan district in the suburban area as a comparatively mild polluted site,50 students of the third grade in the two sites were chosen respectively for examining lung function and collecting general information with questionnaire.The correlation factors were analyzed.Results The values of forced vital capacity (FVC%),peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR%),V50%,V25%,and V25/Ht of the students in the surveyed sites were lower than those of the control site,among which the value of FVC% was significantly lower (t=2.59,P<0.01).The number of students whose values of V25/Ht were lower than the cut points in the surveyed site was significantly greater than that in the control site.Children′s sex,family member smoking,heating facilities and indoor ventilation were significantly related with their lung function.Conclusion Air pollution is one of the hazardous factors to children′s lung function,either to their small airway or to their large airway.Housing condition is one of the important factors affecting children′s lung function.
出处
《山西医药杂志》
CAS
2004年第11期931-934,共4页
Shanxi Medical Journal
基金
山西省卫生厅科技发展基金资助项目(983 3 )
