摘要
【目的】 调查顺德地区 0～ 6岁儿童铅中毒的流行率以及引起铅中毒的相关因素。 【方法】 采集 3个镇城乡共 6间托儿所、幼儿园儿童的静脉血标本 3 49人 ,新生儿之脐血标本 10 8人 ;并收集工业区污水、乡村河涌水、鱼塘水 ,乡村田边土、交通繁忙的主干道及大街边尘土 ,铅皮牙膏、药膏及塑料皮牙膏 ,汽油等标本进行铅含量检测。对每个抽血对象的家长进行相关因素问卷调查。 【结果】 铅中毒的流行率为 42 .7% ,其中农村儿童铅中毒为3 9 .4% ;城镇儿童铅中毒为 46.2 % ;脐血铅超标达 42 .6%。相关因素有 :小儿及孕妇常吃罐装食品、饮料、皮蛋 ,小儿喜欢咬玩具、吮手指、咬铅笔、进食前不常洗手 ,父母亲从事铅暴露作业 ,家住大街边及大马路边等有关。工业区污水、鱼塘水、交通繁忙的主干道及大街边尘土、铅皮牙膏、药膏的铅含量明显高于乡村河涌水、乡村田边土、塑料皮牙膏。 【结论】 铅中毒与环境污染、小儿或孕妇饮食嗜好、不良习惯、父母从事铅暴露作业以及家住大街边有关。
Objective To investigate lead poisoning epidemiological rate and relative factors of children aged 0～6 years in Shunde. 349 venous and 108 umbilical cord blood samples for lead level determination and 25 potentially related factors involved were taken from healthy children of 6 kindergartens and newborn infants in our hospital,and lead level of polluted water of plant,soil of side of traffic busy street and highway,toothpaste,medical ointment and gasoline were determined. The epidemiological rate of lead poisoning (blood lead level ≥0.483 μmol/L) was 42.7%; it was 39.4% in rural children and 46.2% in city and town children; umbilical cord blood was 42.6%. Blood lead level of children varied in relation to the frequency of eating preserved eggs,drinking and eating canned beverage and food,biting toys and pencil, sucking their fingers and no washing hands;parents engaging in the work of lead exposure,living the side of traffic busy street and highway. [Conclusions] The epidemiological rate of lead poisoning of children in Shunde was 42.7%, the related factors included environment pollution,the food hobby of the children and the pregnant women, bad habit,their parents engaging in the work of lead exposure and living the side of traffic busy street.
出处
《中国儿童保健杂志》
CAS
2004年第4期293-295,共3页
Chinese Journal of Child Health Care
基金
广东省佛山市卫生局医学科研课题 (2 0 0 3344)
关键词
铅中毒
相关因素
儿童
lead poisoning
related factors
children
