摘要
提出第三系软岩隧洞施工时要尽量避免围岩受到水的浸泡作用,需采取及时而有效的支护措施,避免围岩过度松驰产生破坏.隧洞断面宜采用曲线形状.认为:在特定条件下,应用喷锚支护作为永久衬砌是可能的,若围岩含水量增加则喷锚支护只有在一定条件下才可以应用;采用控制爆破全断面开挖,减少对围岩的扰动是保持岩体自承能力及稳定性的最经济方法;喷锚支护紧跟掌子面是抑制变形的有效手段;喷锚支护按照初期与后期两期进行;设置仰拱并及早进行封闭,保持喷锚支护整体性.强化施工质量控制,加强施工监控量测.
The tunnel is driven through the tertiary soft ground so that it should be supported by efficient support measures to prevent from excessive relaxation and destruction of the surrounding rock. In some particular cases,it will be possible to use shotcrete and anchorage as the permanent supporting. For some wetter surrounding rock the measures of shotcrete and anchorage will be allowed only under several specific conditions. Controlled blasting and full-size excavation provide the most economical solution to reduce the disturbance to the surrounding rock and maintain its self-supporting capacity. The shotcrete and anchorage are useful tools for avoiding the deformation of the heading face. The supporting of shotcrete and anchorage is divided into two stages construction:pre-supporting and post-supporting. The tunnel crown has to be closed as early as possible to insure the integrality of the shotcrete and anchorage system. Besides,the quality control and controlling measurement is absolutely necessary for the construction.
出处
《水利水电技术》
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第9期40-42,共3页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
关键词
第三系软岩
稳定性分析
断面型式
开挖
喷锚支护
监测
tertiary soft rock
stability analysis
type section
excavation
shotcrete and anchorage supporting
supervision
