摘要
本文利用切音字运动的资料,研究清末对方言的认识。1、“方言”的概念已基本建立,但是方言与语言的界限还不明了,没有把握住方言的本质。2、当时官话仍有南派、北派之分,南派官话有相当高的地位,清末是南北官话的权势关系发生重要转变的时期,北派官话的地位正逐渐超过南派官话。3、当时已清醒认识到,方言分歧妨碍交际、教育和国民团结,应统一语言,消除方言分歧。切音字运动对方言的认识,应该是达到了扬雄以来方言研究的高峰。切音字运动促使以北京话为代表的北派官话向国语标准的地位发展,为现代汉民族共同语的建立作出了永垂史册的贡献。
This paper applies the material of the Pinyin Movement (切音字运动), and examines the perspectives on the concept of 'dialect' in the late Qing Dynasty. It can be concluded as: 1) The concept of 'dialect'had already been established by that time, although the boundaries between dialect and language were still unclear. 2) The official language of the time consisted of two dialects: Northern (Mandarin) and Southern (Nanjing dialect). The former was of higher status than the latter. However, this situation gradually reversed by the end of Qing Dynasty. 3) It was realized at that time that the mutual unintelligibility between dialects had negative impacts on communication, education and the unity of the nation. It was therefore suggested that the differences between dialects be reduced. The Pinyin Movement increased the leadership of Northern dialect, i.e. Mandarin is the standardized official language, and hence its contribution to the emergency of the commonly used language for the Han nationality.
出处
《方言》
CSSCI
北大核心
2002年第3期193-200,共8页
Dialect
关键词
切音字运动
晚清时期
方言
民族共同语
Pinyin Movement, character reformist in the late Qing Dynasty, dialect perspective
