摘要
等离子体电解沉积(PED)是一门新兴的材料表面处理技术。本文详细介绍了等离子体电解沉积的机理及其在材料表面改性、生物材料、电子材料、高性能材料等方面的应用。其基本原理是:当两极之间的电势差达到一定程度时,电极与电解液界面处的电势突变产生的高电场强度,可以击穿界面处的钝化膜、气体等电介质,使得电极表面局部瞬间高温并发生复杂的物理、化学反应,从而在电极表面制备特定性能的陶瓷层或渗透层。在结构材料的应用方面,可以利用PED技术在铝合金、钛合金、镁合金等轻金属表面制备陶瓷层、可以对钢铁基体进行快速碳氮共渗或涂覆金属镀层,以提高这些材料的抗磨擦、耐腐蚀等性能。选择含有钙、磷元素的电解液或是在电解液中添加羟基磷灰石粉末进行PED处理,可以在钛合金表面制备具有生物活性的陶瓷膜,从而使植入体与自然骨形成分子水平的化学键合。选择适当的电解波,可以制备BaTiO_3、SrTiO_3、NaTaO_3、SrZrO_3等钙钛矿结构电子薄膜.利用有机溶液高电压电解,可以制备类金刚石(DLC)薄膜、氮化碳等高性能的材料。文中对PED涂层的残余应力、涂层与基体的结合力、界面断裂韧性、微观缺陷对宏观性能的影响等力学问题进行了讨论。等离子体电解沉积在轻金属特别是铝合金表面制备陶瓷层已经取得了成功,在钢?
Plasma electrolytic deposition (PED) is a new technology in surface engineering. The paper intro-
duces the main mechanism of PED, as well as its applications in different fields such as surface modification
of metal, electronic films, medicine films, DLC films and nitrogen-containing carbon films etc. The principal
mechanism of PED is as follows: when the electrical potential between the anodic and cathode reaches a cer-
tain value, the electrical field strength in the electrode/ electrolyte interface is sufficient to produce a dielectric
breakdown, which is utilized to deposit ceramic layer or to saturate some elements into the substrate. As its
applications to the structural materials, PED is successful in increasing material's anti wear and anti corrosion
ability by depositing ceramic layers to light metals such as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and titanium alloy
or saturating carbon, nitrogen into steel. Electrolyte containing calcium and phosphorus is utilized to deposit
bioactive film on the surface of titanium alloy to form chemical bond with host bone. Appropriate electrolytes
are chosen to synthesize perovskite type electric films such as BaTiO_3、SrTiO_3、NaTaO_3、SrZrO_3 etc. High
voltage electrolysis of organic liquid is utilized to form high performance films such as DLC films and carbon
nitride films. The toughening mechanism and some important mechanics problem about PED coatings such as
the influences of micro defects on macro performance, interface fracture toughness, residual stress and adhesion
strength are discussed and need further research work. Ceramic coating deposited with PED on aluminum alloy
has been used successfully. Furthermore, PED is also suitable for surface treatment for steel, biological active
materials and electronic films.
出处
《力学进展》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第2期237-250,共14页
Advances in Mechanics
基金
国家自然科学基金(50071066)
关键词
等离子体电解沉积
陶瓷层
表面改性
生物材料
电子薄膜
DLC薄膜
氮化碳
表面处理技术
Plasma electrolytic deposition
Ceramic layer
Surface modification
Biomaterials
Electrolytic films
DLC films
Nitrogen-containing carbon films
