摘要
本文论述了贵港三水型铝土矿的化学成分及矿物组成特征,并对其工业利用前景作出评价。该矿属高铁低铝红土型矿床,广泛分布于贵港、横县和宾阳等地,矿层赋存于第四纪红土风化壳的中上部,矿体大部分出露地表。这是继福建漳浦、海南蓬莱和台湾大屯山之后的我国第四个三水型铝土矿。矿石的绝大部分由三水铝石、针铁矿、赤铁矿和高岭石所组成,其它矿物含量甚少、甚微;其中前三者为主要有用矿物,含量占85%左右。试验研究表明:三水铝石可用常压、低温和低碱浓度的拜耳法溶出,溶出率达95%;针铁矿和赤铁矿还原性能良好,回收季>90%。尽管矿石中铝和铁的品位较低,有些甚至达不到各自的工业品位要求,但两者的综合利用率高,伴生的TiO_2、V_2O_5、Ga等也达到综合利用要求,经济价值高,是一种新型的矿产资源。
This paper mainly discusses the chemical compositions and mineral constituents of the gibbsite-type bauxite deposits found in Guigang, Guangxi and makes an evaluation on their exploitation prospects. The deposits dealt with here belong to lateritic type and are mainly distributed in the counties of Guigang, Hengxian and Binyang in Guangxi. The orebodies are hosted in the upper part of Quaternary lateritic weathering crusts, and most of them are exposed at the earth's surface. The deposits are the forth of this type found in China following the discoveries of those in Zhangpu of Fujian Province, Penglai of Hainan Province , and Datunshan of Taiwan.
The mineral constituents in the ores are exclusively dominated by gibbsite, goethite, hematite and kaolinite. Among them the former three are economic minerals and account approximately for 85% in content. The results of the experiments show that the gibbsite can be dissolved at low cost by the Bayer method under normal pressure, low temperature and low alkali concentrations. Meanwhile, the goethite and hematite show good reducibility and a high rate of recovery, In spite of the low grades of Al and Fe in the ores, the rate of comprehensive utilization of them are fairly high. In addition, the associated TiO2, V2O5, and Ga have met the requirements of comprehensive utilization set for them. It is concluded that bauxite deposits of this type can be a new type of mineral resource of high economic values.
