摘要
我省以地表水资源量和地下水资源量构成的水资源总量并不丰富，且时空变化大，ｈｍ２均、人均水资源量均低于全国平均水平。１９９３～１９９５年，我省水利设施可供水量中，地表水供水量占总供水量的比例低于全国１９８０年的相应比例；而地下水供水量占总供水量的比例高于全国１９８０年的相应比例。在地表水供水量中，供水保证率较高的蓄水工程可供水量所占比例也低于全国１９８０年相应比例。表明我省地表水利用程度低。我省农业用水约占总用水量的７５％。１９８０年以来，农业、工业、城市生活用水量均呈上升趋势。预测２０００年、２０３０年总用水量比１９９０年分别增加７７．２２６亿ｍ３。全省现状（１９９３年水平）水资源供需基本平衡，若来水属偏枯情况，则缺水１０．９４亿ｍ３。从现在起到２０３０年，需要大量增加水利投入，采取配套挖潜、开源、节流等对策增加可供水量，才能满足平水年份的用水要求；若来水属偏枯状况，２０００年全省可能缺水２１亿ｍ３，其中以齐齐哈尔地区缺水量最多；２０３０年情况类似。省内地表水、地下水资源已受到污染，必须依法保护水资源。
? The surface resource in Heilongjiang province is not very rich,and also largely various in time and space,the water resource per hm2 and per capita are both lower than the averages around the country,and the water resource cousumption efficiency is also worse than the average level in the whole country.The water consumption for agriculture is about 75% of the whole amount of water resource consumption.Since 1980,the water consumptions for agriculture,industry urban citizens′ daily life are all climbing up,and it is anticipated that the total water consumption amount will be increased by 7.7226×109m3 respectively in the years 2000 and 2003 comparing to that in 1990.Therefore,more investment on water engineering projects,and more efficient measures for potential resource development,and watersawing are to be needed in the coming years to 2003 for increasing the water supply amount in order to meet the water cousumption requirement in lower level years of water,and not to have appearance of a serious water shortage.In addition,the legal measures for protection of surface and ground water resources from being further polluted also urgently need to be taken.
出处
《黑龙江大学工程学报》
1997年第4期14-20,共7页
Journal of Engineering of Heilongjiang University
关键词
地表水资源
地下水资源
用水
surface water resource,ground water resource,water consumption.
