摘要
叙述了低纬子午环研制的全过程，从低纬度地区子午绝对测定方法的提出和验证，仪器几种主要误差测定方法的提出，到设计、加工和安装，最后叙述了在调试中遇到的几个主要问题和解决办法。文中还以与传统子午环比较的方式，论述了在对加工精度未提出苛刻要求的情况下如何能达到高精度测量的原因。
The preparation and development of the LLMC were carried out under the condition of high precision astrometry.The traditional meridian circles have their limitations in the observational principle and they also have the shortages of measuring and modifying their instrumental errors.A new observational principle has been developed,some new methods of measuring and modifying the instrumental errors have been found in the course of preparation and manufactary of the LLMC.Firstly,a new method of absolute measurement using meridian circle was discussed.In detail,after recording the moments of a star crossing the meridian and the prime vertical,respectively the azimuth error of the instrument can be obtained.On the other hand,the recorded moments of the same star in the prime vertical and the zenith distance in the meridian can be used to solve the instant latitude.Besides,the instant absolute refraction can be determined by means of the apparent zenith distance observed in the prime vertical.These principles have been successfully tested on a modified transit instrument.Secondly,some methods of measuring all instrumental errors in real time were found.As these instrumental errors were all determined in real time,there is no need to introduce any other error correction mode.The meridian circle was designed in Shanghai Observatory and manufactured in Nanjin Astronomical Instrument Research ceter.In the August of 1996,the instrument was installed in Yunnan Observatory.Preliminary observations begin now after the adjustment and development for about one year.
出处
《天文研究与技术》
CSCD
1997年第S1期16-20,共5页
Astronomical Research & Technology
关键词
低纬子午环
研制
LLMC Research manufacture
