摘要
目的探索湛江市急性传染病的发生、流行与变动趋势,为传染病预防控制提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析湛江市10年的急性传染病流行及发病趋势。结果1991—2000年全市报告急性传染病年均发病率为93.73/10万,年均死亡率为0.24/10万。“八五”期间(1991—1995年)年均发病率、死亡率分别为99.26/10万和0.25/10万,“九五”期间(1996—2000年)分别为88.77/10万和0.22/10万,后者比前者发病率平均下降了10.57%,其中自然疫源性传染病下降幅度最大,达69.10%;死亡率下降了12.00%。10年间发病率相对较高的前5位传染病分别为病毒性肝炎、痢疾、肺结核、淋病、麻疹,5种病占总发病数的82.53%。死亡率相对较高的前5位传染病是新生儿破伤风、乙型脑炎、霍乱、麻疹、狂犬病,占总死亡数构成的75.17%。结论病毒性肝炎、肺结核、痢疾等仍是我市的主要传染病,1997年以来淋病、梅毒等性传播传染病发病呈逐年上升趋势,出现艾滋病病例,人类面临着新、旧传染病的威胁。今后传染病防治重点是加强病毒性肝炎、痢疾、肺结核、麻疹和性传播传染病的防制工作。
OBJECTIVE To study the prevalent trend of acute infectious diseases in Zhanjiang City and strategy of prevention and controlling on them.METHOD Descriptive epidemiology was used to analysize the data of acute infectious diseases during 1991 2000.RESULTS During 1991—2000,the prevalent rate was 93.73/100 000,and the mortality rate was 0.24/100 000.The prevalent and mortality rates during 1991—1995 were 88.77/100 000 and 0.22/100 000,but 99.26/100 000 and 0.25/100 000 during 1996—2000,respectively.The former prevalent rate was 10.57%less than that of the latter.Remarkably,natural epidemic disease decreased most with 69.10%.The main infectious diseases included virus hepatitis,dysentery,tuberculosis,gonorrhea and measles.They accounted for 82.53%of total cases.The mortality rate mainly resulted from neonate tetanus,Japanese cephalitis,cholera,measles and rabies.They made up 75.17%of total deaths.CONCLUSIONS Virus hepatitis,dysentery and tuberculosis were still primary.STDs such as gonorrhea and syphilis shoued an upward trend since 1997.AIDS was also found.Strategies of prevention and controlling should aim at Virus hepatitis,dysentery,measles,STDs and tuberculosis.
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2004年第6期26-28,共3页
Chinese Primary Health Care
