摘要
本文研究乌鲁木齐市附近出土的汉族达到成年尺寸的正常髋骨(男115块,女54块,性别主要借助骨盆形态来判断)。测量了耻骨长、坐骨长、髋臼径及坐骨大切迹宽、深等八个项目。列表和图显示了各项数据的分布。利用这些图表可以帮助鉴别中国汉人髋骨的性别。经统计方法检验,这些特征在性别和人种之间有非常显著或显著的差异,汉人与美国白人及爱斯基摩人较接近。
The materials studied in this paper include 115 male and 54 female innominate bones of adult size, most of which are stored in the Department of Systematic Anatomy of Xinjiang Medial College. They were unearthed from the vicinity of Uromuchi. Most of the specimens were sexed on the basis of the pelvis morphology by the authors, a few female specimens were sexed based on the typical morphology shown on the innominate bones only. No pathological bones are included in this study. All specimens belong to adult individuals.The measurements included in this paper are defined as follows:Pubic length I. Distance from the central point of acetabulum to the upper border of the pubic symphysis.Pubic length II. Minimum distance between acetabulum and upper border of pubic symphysis.Ischium length I. Maximum distance between the central point of acetabulum and the ischial tuberosity.Ischium length II. Maximum distance between the upper border of acetabulum and the lower border of ischial tuberosity.Diameter of acetabulum. Maximum vertical diameter of it.Breadth of sciatic notch. Distance between posterior inferior iliac spine and spine of ischium.Depth of sciatic notch. Length of a vertical line from the deepest point of this notch to its breadth.OB. Measured as shown in Fig. 1.The data of measurements and indices are listed in Table 1 in which the items are arranged from above downward as follows: pubic length I, ischium length I, ischium-pubis index I, pubis length II, ischium length II, ischium-pubis index II, diameter of acetabulum, diameter of acetabulum X 100/pubis length II, breadth of sciatic notch, depth of sciatic notch, index of sciatic notch, OB, OB X 100/breadth of sciatic notch. In this table, ++ and + stand for statistically very significant (T>3) and significant (3>T>2) sexual differences respectively.Figures 3-10 show the distribution by sex of various items of measurements or indices. One can diagnose modern Han innominate bones of unknown sex with reference to these features. The ischium-pubis inde
出处
《人类学学报》
1982年第2期118-131,共14页
Acta Anthropologica Sinica
关键词
髋骨
性别差异
性别判断
汉族
Innominate bone
Sex difference
Sex diagnosis
Han nationality
