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不典型大面积急性肺栓塞患者的诊断与治疗一例

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摘要 1病例报告<br>  患者女,65岁,因活动后气促、乏力10 d入院。患者症状多在劳累及爬楼后出现,休息后症状自行缓解。无胸闷、胸痛、晕厥、眼前黑矇、咳血、双下肢水肿等症状。患者既往有可疑高血压病史,否认“糖尿病、高脂血症”病史,否认近期有“外伤、手术”史。患者入院前2d曾到当地医院就诊,运动试验活动5 min后不能坚持,结果提示:可疑阳性。入院血压144/90 mm Hg,心率75次/min,查体无阳性体征。心脏超声:左心房32 mm,左心室45 mm,右心室前后径20 mm,横径37.6 mm,右心房35.6 mm,室间隔9.4 mm,左心室后壁10 mm, EF 71%, FS 36%,三尖瓣轻度反流(4.1 cm2),压差55 mm Hg。胸片:双肺纹理增多,心胸比0.59。心电图:左前分支阻滞,多导联T波改变。血生化:BNP 263 pg/ml。D-二聚体256μg/L。血气分析:PO267 mm Hg,SO294%,PCO235.3 mm Hg。血常规、甲功、血糖、肝功、肾功、心肌酶谱、尿常规、大便常规正常。诊断考虑:(1)冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病?(2)肺动脉高压待查?查肺功能:肺通气功能正常,小气道功能正常,支气管舒张试验阴性。下肢血管超声:双侧股总动脉粥样硬化斑块形成。肺血管CTA:双侧肺动脉栓塞,右侧为重,右侧肺动脉主干受累,左侧肺动脉分支部分支受累。诊断考虑:肺栓塞(见图1)。立即予尿激酶20000 IU · kg -1·2 h-1静脉滴注溶栓,低分子肝素钙针0.4 ml 皮下2次/d、华法林1.25 mg口服1次/d抗凝。溶栓后2 h:D-二聚体2589μg/L, INR 1.14。血气分析:PO281 mm Hg, SO297%。溶栓后3 d:心脏超声:左心房33 mm,左心室48 mm,右心室横径36 mm,右心房37 mm,室间隔10 mm,左心室后壁10 mm,EF 65%,FS 36%,三尖瓣局限性反流(2.9 cm2)。溶栓后4 d:D-二聚体465μg/L,INR 0.93。加大华法林剂量为2.5 mg口服1次/d。�
出处 《心血管外科杂志(电子版)》 2013年第2期47-48,共2页 Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery(Electronic Edition)
关键词 肺栓塞 诊断 治疗
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参考文献3

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二级参考文献6

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