摘要
笔者将当年田径各项最高成绩保持者在重大比赛中的失利称之为“克拉克现现”。本文统计了第16～23届奥运会当年田径各项最高成绩保持者获奥运会奖牌的情况和成绩的发挥水平;我国第1～5届全运会当年最高成绩保持者的发挥水平。结果发现,有36.5％的世界最高成绩保持者在大赛中不能夺得金牌,所发挥的水平只能达到当年最高水平的98％左右;而我国运动员参加第23届奥运会,田径发挥水平仅为96.7％。可见,“克拉克现象”是田径大赛中一个普遍存在的客观现象。本文着重对这种现象进行了科学的描述,它的成因和预防办法还有待于进一步探讨。
The term 'Clark phenomenon' was coined by the author of this paper for describing ta(?)lures or record holders in major track and field competitions in a given year. From a statistical study of eight Olympic Games (from the XVIth to the XXIIIrd).it was found that 36.5% of the reigning world record holders who took pan in track and field competitions failed to perform up to their best. At the XXIIIrd Games in 1984 the Chinese track and field athletes fell far below the best marks they attained that year. The author maintains. therefore. that the 'Clark phenomenon' is of frequent occurrence in big tournaments. The paper gives a scientific description of this phenomenon in China and the rest of the world. Its causes and prevention, however. remain to be studied.
出处
《体育科学》
1988年第4期28-31,94,共5页
China Sport Science
