摘要
中国使用契约的历史很长,其开始时间大约在原始社会末期.今天已发现的有文字可证、有实物可考的最早的契约资料为西周中期的铜器铭文.西汉以后,此类资料历代都有发现.契约资料主要有三种类型:其最可贵者为契约原件,次为见于青铜器、碑刻或一般文献中的录文,再次为含有契约内容的文字资料.契约原件以西汉时的为最早,从那时到民国时期的两千年间,几乎每个朝代都有发现,其数量超过十万件.以汉文的为最多。
The total number of deeds discovered in China amounts to 100 000. In addition,
there are numerous similar records in literature, and inscriptions on bronze vessels
and stone tablets. The earliest copies of original deeds date back to the Han Dynas-
ty, existing mainly in the bamboo slips of Juyan and Dunhuang. Those from the Wei
and Jin dynasties, the Sixteen States, Gaochang, down to the Sui and Tang dynasties
are found mainly in the bamboo slips of Luobubo (Lopnur) and the documents of
Turfan. Those from the Tang Dynasty to the Northern Song Dynasty are found in
the documents of Dunhuang. Those of the Southern Song and Yuan dynasties are
found mainly in the deeds of Huizhou. The above-mentioned deeds are considered to
be rarities. The grea test number of original deeds discovered so far are those of
the Ming and Qing dynasties and the Republic of China, which are mainly preserved
in museums and libraries. They include sales, leases, loans, wills, etc. These primary
data are of great significance to the study of various aspects of Chinese history.
出处
《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
1991年第3期114-125,130,共13页
Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
