摘要
导言对语言的变异,语言学家提出过多种多样的见解,来说明变异的原因。本文企图论证:语言变异的过程,是语言系统自组织的过程。语言变异的根本原因,在语言系统的结构自身;语言外的各种因素和环境,是语言变异的条件。本文最后试图根据系统论的原理。提出语言变异研究可供参考的三条思路。一语言的变异,吸引了许多语言学家的兴趣。学者们搜集了古往今来语言变异的大量事实;对语言变异的各个方面,进行了有价值。
THERE HAVE always been thinkers of linguistics to believe that language change betrays a process of randomness. This paper argues that scholars ready to discuss this process of randomness have come under grave challenge. Fundamentally speaking, the process of language change, analysed in the light of Haken's and Prigogine's theories, is a process of self-organization of the language system, for any ordered change the language system undergoes can reasonably be regarded as being caused by the loss of equilibrium, and the change is the system's strategy for achieving the purpose of restoring the equilibrium in the system structure. While the paper maintains that language change is a kind of system behaviour, it by no means neglects the social, phychological, geographical, physiological factors which would give great influence to the change. The paper further points out that these factors are but external conditions for the change to take place and develop. The above discussion serves as the ground prepared for the introduction to the methodological aspects specifically suggested for the study of language change: the methods of examining the phenomena of language change on a diachronical-synchronical coordinate, within the framework of a structure, and on different language levels.
出处
《现代外语》
CSSCI
北大核心
1991年第1期1-9,72,共10页
Modern Foreign Languages
