摘要
行为主义的一兴一衰可以看作两块最关键性的里程碑,把心理学的全部发展历史划分为三个大阶段:一、行为主义以前的心理学;二、行为主义心理学;三、认知心理学.在第一个大阶段中,就其主流而言,认为心理学的研究对象是意识,是自我的觉察状态,到第二个大阶段,即行为主义兴起后,则一反第一阶段之道,认为心理学的对象必须是可公之于众的行为,即由可以客观观察的刺激物所引起的可以客观观察的反应。
One of the salient features of cogni-tive psychology is the attempt to inves-tigate internal mental processes in anobjective way.Its fundamental assump-tion may be formulated as follows:Ifthe conditions and effects of two even-ts were identical and observable,andthe mechanisms of the one were alsoobservable,but those of the other wereunobservable,then we may infer the me-tehanisms of the latter from those ofthe former.In this article several re-presentative experimental studies of ima-gery in cognitive psychology are revie-wed from this methodological assump-ion.
