摘要
目的了解社区医生、居民及患者对抗菌素的认知情况,为有针对性地开展合理使用抗菌素的健康教育干预提供依据,以期提高医务人员、社区居民及患者合理使用抗菌素的认知水平。方法采用多阶段抽样的方法,在上海市4个区的8家社区中分别随机抽取4个居委会,每个居委会按项目要求调查50名居民;采用简单随机抽样法,在8家社区卫生服务中心内每家社区卫生服务中心有处方权的临床各科室中,调查25名社区医生;采用拦截法,每家社区卫生服务中心调查符合要求的50名患者。采用自编的问卷,分别调查社区医生、居民及患者合理使用抗菌素的"知信行"情况及认知现状。结果社区医生在知识、态度和行为3方面的得分经标化后的均值分别为89.6分、59.6分、90.5分,而居民及患者在这3方面的得分分别为54.5分、66.5分、69.1分(P<0.01)。结论社区医生在知识和行为方面的得分要远高于居民及患者,但在态度方面,社区医生要低于居民及患者。应通过系列措施,促使社区医生合理使用抗菌素的态度转变,提高居民及患者合理使用抗菌素的知识和技能。
Objective To understand the community doctors, residents, and patients’ cognitive situation about antibiotics, and to provide evidence on carrying out targeted health education intervention for the rational use of antibiotics. Methods Using multi-stage sampling method, by random sampling, 4 residents committees were respectively selected among 8 communities in 4 districts of Shanghai, 50 residents were investigated in each residents committee according to the requirements; in 8 community health service centers, using simple random sampling method, 25 community doctors were investigated in clinical departments which had the right to have a prescription in each community health service center. Using intercept interview, 50 patients were investigated according to the requirements in each community health service center. Using the self-made questionnaire, community doctors, residents, and patients were questioned respectively about the rational use of antibiotics KAP and cognitive status. Results The score after standardized average of community doctors in the three aspects of the knowledge, attitude and behavior were 89.6, 59.6, 90.5, and scores of residents/patients in these three aspects were 54.5, 66.5, 69.1 respectively. There were significant differences between doctors and residents or patients (P<0.01). Conclusion Community doctors in knowledge and behavior score are much higher than residents and patients, but in terms of attitude, doctors are lower than residents and patients. A series of measures should be adopted to encourage community doctors change attitude on rational use of antimicrobial, and to improve the knowledge and skills of the residents and patients on the rational use of antibiotics.
出处
《健康教育与健康促进》
2013年第3期208-210,共3页
Health Education and Health Promotion
基金
中国/WHO2012-2013双年度卫生技术合作项目(151S011)
