摘要
明清时期来华传教士对大黄的关注,体现了传教士在中西文化交流中的重要作用。天主教、东正教、基督新教传教士留下的有关记述,集中反映了他们对大黄的认识。天主教传教士在西方大黄认识史上地位突出。鸦片战争前西方社会有关大黄的新鲜信息,主要是来华天主教士提供的,其中耶稣会士起到关键作用;鸦片战争后,天主教传教士对大黄的认识亦有所推进。虽然俄国派遣了规模不小的东正教传教团常驻北京,但东正教传教士并没有向西方社会提供多少有关大黄的新知识,这与俄罗斯长期是中国大黄的主要买家、西方社会优质大黄的主要提供商以及大黄奥秘的积极探索者等事实形成鲜明的反差。明清之际,基督新教传教士开始进入中国沿海一带活动。伦敦会、公理会、内地会等差会的传教士通过各种途径获得了对大黄的认识。探讨传教士对大黄等中国特色药材的认识,有利于对传教士及来华西人的中医中药观提供更合理的解释。
Christianity missionaries who came to China during the Ming and Qing Eras paid much attention to rhubarb,which indicated the importance of these missionaries in China’s foreign cultural exchanges. Missionaries of Catholic Church,Orthodox Church and Protestant Church all recorded about rhubarb,among which the Catholic missionaries played the most important role in introducing rhubarb to the western countries. After the Opium War,although a Russian Orthodox mission was sent to Beijing,the missionaries did not offer much new knowledge about rhubarb,which was a sharp contrast compared with Russia’s role as the main buyer of Chinese rhubarb,the main supplier of high-quality rhubarb for the Western society and the active explorer of rhubarb. During the Ming and Qing Eras,the Protestant missionaries arrived in coastal China. Missionaries from London Missionary Society,American Board Mission and China Inland Mission obtained knowledge about rhubarb in various ways. A study on the missionaries’views towards the typical Chinese medicinal herbs like rhubarb enables us to have a better understanding about the missionaries and westerners’attitudes towards traditional Chinese medicine.
出处
《海交史研究》
2013年第1期92-110,共19页
Journal of Maritime History Studies
