摘要
针对传统的随机振动分析方法计算复杂、计算量大的问题,提出采用虚拟激励法求解轨道车辆的垂向振动响应,建立某型车辆的垂向动力学模型,求解车辆的垂向振动响应并验证模型的正确性。与传统求解方法的计算结果比较表明,虚拟激励法适合于求解车辆的垂向振动响应,并且计算简单。在频域内对车辆垂向振动响应的分析表明:随着车辆运行速度的提高,车体、前后转向架以及一位轮对的垂向加速度的功率谱密度和振动主频均增大,轮对的垂向振动经一系悬挂传到转向架,再经二系悬挂传到车体,其振动频率f降低,振动幅值迅速减小,传到车体上时振动已变得很弱;f>5Hz时,车体、前后转向架和一位轮对垂向加速度的功率谱密度均随着一系阻尼器两端橡胶节点刚度与一系弹簧刚度比值的增大而增加,尤其是车体和前后转向架的垂向加速度的功率谱密度变化更为明显,因此降低橡胶节点的刚度有利于提高车辆运行的平稳性。
Since traditional random vibration analysis method features computational complexity and large calculation, pseudo excitation method is proposed to solve the vertical vibration response of railway vehicle. The vertical dynamic model of certain type of vehicle was constructed to solve the vertical vibration response of railway vehicle and the correctness of the model was validated. The calculated results of both methods were compared and analyzed. It shows that pseudo excitation method is more suitable for solving the vertical vibration response of railway vehicle and also with simple calculation. The analysis results of vehicle vertical vibration response in frequency domain shows that the vertical acceleration PSDs and vibration main frequencies of the car body, the front and rear bogies and the first position wheelset are increased with the increase of vehicle running speed. The vibration frequency f and amplitude are rapidly weakened as the vertical vibration of the wheelset passes through primary suspension to bogie, and then passes through secondary suspension to the car body. At the moment, the vibration becomes extremely weak. When f>5 Hz, the vertical acceleration PSDs of the car body, the front and rear bogies and first position wheelset are increased with increase of the ratio between the stiffness of the rubber nodes at both ends of the primary damper and the stiffness of the primary spring. Especially, the changes in vertical acceleration PSDs of the car body, the front and rear bogies are more obvious. Therefore, reducing the stiffness of the rubber node helps to improve the running smoothness of vehicle.
出处
《中国铁道科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第2期89-94,共6页
China Railway Science
基金
教育部春晖计划项目(Z2006-1-62003)
关键词
虚拟激励法
轨道车辆
垂向振动
轨道高低不平顺
随机振动
功率谱密度
Automobile suspensions
Bogies (railroad rolling stock)
Degrees of freedom (mechanics)
Railroad cars
Rubber
Stiffness
Vehicles
Vibration analysis
Wheels
