摘要
我国一次能源消费结构中煤炭的比重高达70%,我国的电力结构中煤电的比重高达80%。对于中国的能源问题,一直以来认为煤炭在一次能源和电力结构中所占比例过大,为此正在大力发展水电、核电、风电、太阳能发电,以降低煤电的比例,但收效甚微。我国煤炭在一次能源消费结构中的比例,1978年为70.7%,到2010年为70.9%;煤电在全国发电量中的比例,1978年为82.6%,2010年为80.8%。中国的能源安全必须实现能源独立,不能依赖国际市场,为此在未来很长时间内我国的能源安全应立足于煤炭。因此中国应下决心推行一次能源结构以煤为主、电力结构以煤电为主的能源战略,这是基于我国煤炭资源比石油、天然气丰富;我国2010年煤炭产量占全球48%,煤炭进口依存度仅为4.3%;国际煤炭市场价格比石油、天然气低许多所确定的。美国将94%的煤炭用于发电,我国目前还只有50%左右用于发电,因此建议应该继续提高煤炭用于发电的比例。
Coal accounts for about 70% of China′s primary energy mix,and the country′s fleet of coal-fired power plants is responsible for as high as 80% of the electricity generated in China.For a long time,the shares of coal in China′s primary energy mix and electricity production have been considered oversized,and in order to reduce the weight of coal,China is making great effort to develop hydropower,nuclear power,wind power and solar power.The results,however,have not been very impressive.From 1978 to 2010,the percentage of coal in the primary energy mix increased from 70.7% to 70.9%,and at the same time,the percentage of coal power in the electricity generated in China decreased from 82.6% to 80.8%.As a part of the national security,China′s energy security must be in her own hands and cannot rely on the international market.For this reason,in the long term,China′s energy security should be based on coal.China should be determined to implement an energy strategy in which coal dominates the national primary energy mix and coal plants dominate electricity production.This is because China is relatively rich in coal but is relatively poor in petroleum and natural gas.In 2010,China produced 48% of the world′s coal output,and only 4.3% of coal used in China came from imports.Coal prices in the international market are much lower than the prices of petroleum and natural gas.In the United States,94% of its coal is used for power generation.In contrast,China uses only 50% of its coal for power generation.We therefore suggest raising the share of coal used for power generation.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2012年第1期29-32,共4页
Sino-Global Energy
