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国际抗癫联盟(ILAE)治疗指南:抗癫药物作为癫发作或综合征单药起始治疗作用的循证分析 被引量:1

ILAE Treatment Guidelines:Evidence-based Analysis of Antiepileptic Drug Efficacy and Effectiveness as Initial Monotherapy for Epileptic Seizures and Syndromes
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摘要 目的评定哪类抗癫药物(AEDs)的长期药力或药效对新诊断或未治疗的癫作为单药治疗具有最佳的证据支持。方法由10位来自ILAE治疗策略委员会的专家,他们包括成人神经病学家、小儿神经的学家、临床药理学家、临床试验学家及统计学家组成的专家组,依据从1940年~2005年7月Medline,Current Contents和Cochrane上发表的相关文献进行循证医学评估。包括有关不同发作类型的癫(由于年龄不同)和两种癫综合征的所有文章被评定为四个不同级别的证据:Ⅰ级证据是指随机双盲对照试验(RCT设计),治疗时间≥48周,没有强制退出的标准,有足够的证据支持,其中有≥24周癫无发作(药力或药效)保持≥48周,证明优于或者具有80%的效能检出药力/药效,相对于一个适当的比较参数之间的差别<20%,恰当的统计学方法;Ⅱ级证据必须符合Ⅰ级证据的所有条件,除了其实验的时间为24~47周,或者具有能区别比较参数之间的差别在21%~30%效能的非劣效性分析;Ⅲ级证据包括其它一些随机双盲试验和开放性试验;Ⅳ级证据包括一些其它形式的证据(如专家意见,病例报告)。临床试验证据的质量被用于决定它的推荐等级的强度。结果总共有50个RCT和7个荟萃分析数据。仅有4个RCT作为Ⅰ级证据,2个Ⅱ级证据,其余都被作为Ⅲ级证据。作为最初的单药治疗,AEDs的药力/药效对三类癫类型有推荐等级,A级或B级:成人部分性癫(推荐等级A:卡马西平和苯妥英;推荐等级B:丙戊酸);儿童部分性癫(推荐等级A:奥卡西平;推荐等级B:没有);老年人部分性癫(推荐等级A:加巴喷丁和拉莫三嗪;推荐等级B:没有)。一类成人癫发作类型即全身性强直阵挛发作(GTCs),两类儿童癫发作类型(GTCs和失神发作)和两种癫综合征(具有伴中央-颞部棘波的良性癫和青少年肌阵挛性癫),没有A级或B级证据证明其作为单药治�
出处 《神经病学与神经康复学杂志》 2009年第4期315-341,共27页 Journal of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation
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