摘要
The functional genomics is coming of age after the anatomy of the human genome is completed .The dramatic increase in the amount of genomic information is having a tremendous impact on biomedical research and on the way that medical treatment is processed,the major task is how to dissert the function of genes using large_scale and systematic approaches.Since genes function in the complex living creatures made of cells ,the study of functional genomics will largely rely on the research of model organisms.The mouse is the closest mammalian model organism to human.Compared with other organism,mouse has many advantanges,short lifecycle,close genome size (2 5 ×10 9 bp in mouse vs 2 9 ×10 9 bp in human),available whole genome sequences and many inbred strains, easy to breed and maitain in lab. The most importantly, the genetic information of mouse gene could be modified in vivo by transgenic and gene targeting approaches. The mouse science is changing the modern biology study in general. The invention of gene targeting is an important landmark since the generation of the first transgenic mouse 22 years ago. Gene targeting is an approach to alter the genomic information in vivo based on the embryonic stem cell technology and the homologous recombination. It has become one of the most straight forward and powerful approaches for studying gene function in the post_genome era. The gene targeting techniques have been improves in three different ways:1) Gene targeting with spatial and temporal control;2)Large scale of random gene knockout;3)Introduction of subtle mutations .The first generation of mouse models is being replaced by the second generation of mouse models based on the conditional gene targeting approaches. The second generation of mouse models based on the Cre_LoxP system that can mimic the somatic mutation related to human diseases provides exciting new chance to study the mechanisms of genes during the initiation, progress and treatment of human disease. Researches in gene targeting field supported by Nation
The functional genomics is coming of age after the anatomy of the human genome is completed .The dramatic increase in the amount of genomic information is having a tremendous impact on biomedical research and on the way that medical treatment is processed,the major task is how to dissert the function of genes using large_scale and systematic approaches.Since genes function in the complex living creatures made of cells ,the study of functional genomics will largely rely on the research of model organisms.The mouse is the closest mammalian model organism to human.Compared with other organism,mouse has many advantanges,short lifecycle,close genome size (2 5 ×10 9 bp in mouse vs 2 9 ×10 9 bp in human),available whole genome sequences and many inbred strains, easy to breed and maitain in lab. The most importantly, the genetic information of mouse gene could be modified in vivo by transgenic and gene targeting approaches. The mouse science is changing the modern biology study in general. The invention of gene targeting is an important landmark since the generation of the first transgenic mouse 22 years ago. Gene targeting is an approach to alter the genomic information in vivo based on the embryonic stem cell technology and the homologous recombination. It has become one of the most straight forward and powerful approaches for studying gene function in the post_genome era. The gene targeting techniques have been improves in three different ways:1) Gene targeting with spatial and temporal control;2)Large scale of random gene knockout;3)Introduction of subtle mutations .The first generation of mouse models is being replaced by the second generation of mouse models based on the conditional gene targeting approaches. The second generation of mouse models based on the Cre_LoxP system that can mimic the somatic mutation related to human diseases provides exciting new chance to study the mechanisms of genes during the initiation, progress and treatment of human disease. Researches in gene targeting field supported by
出处
《实验动物科学》
2003年第z1期63-64,共2页
Laboratory Animal Science
关键词
基因
打靶技术
疾病模型
Gene
Knockout technology
Disease model
