摘要
1930年中原大战期间,天津爆发了震惊中外的"津海关事件"。晋系军阀阎锡山在与南京国民政府对峙的过程中,强行接管津海关。军事实力膨胀的日本,出于其经济、政治、外交等诸方面的考虑,对这一事件有着细致的观察,并在津海关事件发生后做出了比较及时的反应。可以说,日本政府是影响津海关事件走向的重要因素。就具体应对举措而言,日本领事积极与有关各方联系,通过正式和非正式的手段进行活动。就与南京国民政府的接触而言,日本在华领事的主要交涉对象为财政部长宋子文及外交部长王正廷二人;就与列强的互动而言,与英国驻华领事及外交使馆也有频繁互动,力图推动以英国为首的西方列强共同干涉津海关事件。除了这些正式或非正式的外交活动,日本驻华领事还一度代行海关职权,为保护本国利益进行赤裸裸的干预。在津海关事件中,日本政府是协调南北之争的重要渠道,对推动英国等国家出面斡旋亦有积极的表现。从干预成效看,日本政府的应对举措较为及时,对推动津海关事件的解决起到了重要作用。通过考察日本政府对津海关事件的应对措施,在一定程度上可管窥复杂纠葛的中外关系及南北矛盾。
During the Central Plains War in 1930,Yan Xishan,Shanxi’s military governor and head of the Shanxi Clique,forcibly took over the Tianjin Customs House during the conflict between his troop and that of the Nationalist government.Known as the Tianjin Customs Incident,the crisis drew the attention of major international powers,especially Japan,who had significant stake in the political situation in China.In order to solve Tianjin Customs Incident,the Japanese Consul mediated between the North and the South and facilitated joint western intervention in the incident led by Britain.In addition to such open and secret diplomacy,the Japan Consulate even functioned as acting customs house in Tianjin.In sum,the Japanese government made itself as an important mediator to settle the disputes between North China and South China,and played a positive role in promoting the intervention of Britain and other western countries.As looked from the impact of the intervention,the Japanese government did make a timely response and finally settled the incident.By examining the series of action took the Japanese government in the Tianjin Customs Incident,this paper shed light on the complicated relationships of China with different foreign powers and the contradictions between the northern/southern parts of China.
出处
《国家航海》
2019年第2期47-67,共21页
National Maritime Research
关键词
日本的因应
中原大战
津海关事件
Japan’s Responses
The Central Plains War
Tianjin Customs Incident
