摘要
目的了解某炼铁厂作业工人噪声暴露情况,并对噪声致听力损失情况进行风险评估。方法选取河北省某炼铁厂的主要噪声暴露岗位,测量噪声强度,运用ISO1999:2013《声学噪声引起的听力损失评价》中的风险评估方法计算作业人员高频听力损失风险,并依据AQ/T 4276-2016《噪声职业病危害风险管理指南》进行风险分级。结果所有岗位的L;均超过我国职业接触限值。男性员工40、50、55、60岁时单纯因噪声发生高频听力损失的风险分别为0.0%~8.5%、4.6%~19.9%、6.4%~22.8%和6.8%~21.9%,女性员工40、50、55、60岁时发生高频听力损失的风险分别为0%~5.0%、0%~13.6%、0%~20.8%和5.4%~22.6%,男性高于女性(Z=339.5,P=0.019)。各噪声岗位作业人员单纯因噪声致高频听力损失的风险随噪声暴露年数的增加而增加(r=0.716,P<0.01),且与噪声强度呈正相关(r=0.504,P<0.01)。结论ISO1999:2013法可评估噪声致听力损失的风险,在职业活动中,应加强对噪声作业场所中男性和年龄较大劳动者的管理和保护。
Objective To understand the status of noise exposure,and assess the risk of hearing loss caused by noise exposure among workers in an iron plant.Methods The intensity of noise exposure was measured at main noise exposure positions in an iron plant in Hebei Province.The risk assessment method of“Acoustics estimation of noise-induced hearing loss”(ISO 1999:2013)was used to calculate the risk of hearing loss for each workstation,followed by the risk classification according to the AQ/T 4276-2016 Guidelines for Risk Management of Occupational.Results The L;of all workstations exceeded the national occupational exposure limit.At the age of 40,50,55 and 60 years,the risk of high frequency hearing loss caused by noise were 0.0%-8.5%,4.6%-19.9%,6.4%-22.8%and 6.8%-21.9%in male workers,and the risk were 0%-5.0%,0%-13.6%,0%-20.8%and 5.4%-22.6%in female workers,the risk of high frequency hearing loss in males were statistically significantly higher compared with the females(Z=339.5,P=0.019).The risk of high frequency hearing loss of workers was increased with the extension of noise exposure years(r=0.716,P<0.01),and was positively correlated with noise intensity(r=0.504,P<0.01).Conclusions The risk assessment method of ISO 1999:2013 can be applied to assess the risk of hearing loss caused by noise exposure.The management and protection measures for male and older workers exposed to noise should be strengthened in occupational activities.
作者
董秋颖
李建国
梁配松
冀荷香
李增敏
赵俊琴
赵春香
DONG Qiu-ying;LI Jian-guo;LIANG Pei-song;JI He-xiang;LI Zeng-min;ZHAO Jun-qin;ZHAO Chun-xiang(Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Disease Control,Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050021,China)
出处
《工业卫生与职业病》
CAS
2021年第6期444-447,共4页
Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases
基金
2020年度河北省医学科学研究课题(20200700)
2019年度河北省重点职业病危害防控技术研究(19277702D)
2018年度河北省医学科学研究重点课题计划(20180935)
关键词
炼铁厂
噪声
风险评估
听力损失
Iron plant
Noise
Risk assessment
Hearing loss
