摘要
经典的军事-财政模型国家建构理论研究主要基于西欧国家形成的历史经验。相较于西欧国家建构史,非洲国家形成过程深受殖民历史影响,面临不同的历史地理环境和内外危机,因此现代国家在非洲的建构呈现了很不同的面貌。学术界多以"弱国家""失败国家""脆弱国家"等概念形容现代非洲国家。本文通过批判性回顾非洲国家建构的既有研究,总结概述自然地理环境和殖民历史如何共同影响非洲国家的政治地理(包括地缘政治和族群地理)和经济地理,并进而影响其国家建构的历史过程,从而构建一个较为完整的分析框架并阐明其背后多个因果机制。
The classic state building theories,most prominently,the Fiscal-Military model,are based on the histories of early Western European state building.Compared with early Western European states,the formation of African states has been deeply influenced by the colonial history,different physical geographic environment,civil conflicts and external crises.All these differences made the African states as“weak state”,“failed state”or“fragile state”.Based on a selective literature review,this article builds an analytical framework of African state building.Specifically,it summarizes the mechanisms of how the natural geographical environment and colonial history affect the political geography(including geopolitics and ethnic geography)and economic geography of African state,therefore influences the process and consequence of ethnic war and African state building.
作者
张长东
刘瑾
Zhang Changdong;Liu Jin
出处
《比较政治学研究》
2021年第1期7-28,276,共23页
Comparative Politics Studies
基金
2020年国家社科基金一般项目“现当代国外国家理论追踪研究”(20BZZ033)
北京大学2019年人文社科战略发展基金专项课题“当代国外国家理论”(7100602473)的阶段性成果。
关键词
国家建构
非洲国家
失败国家
族群冲突
state building
Africa state
failed state
ethnic conflict
