摘要
我国地区间产业转移与乡村振兴战略实施引发了"常态化"的农民工回流趋势。文章利用上海财经大学2013年"千村调查"数据,研究了当前农民工回流趋势的成因和农民工返乡后的行为。研究发现:第一,与以往几次短暂的"被动"回流不同,当前农民工回流趋势与新形势下的乡村发展机会密切相关,是在务工城市"推力"与家乡发展"拉力"共同驱动下形成的;第二,农民工返乡后大多选择非农经营,为家乡非农产业注入了人力资本等要素;第三,农民工回流趋势有效促进了农村土地流转,优化了土地资源配置。文章的研究为吸引优秀农民工回乡发展和促进乡村产业振兴提供了一定的参考价值。
In the past 40 years,the large-scale migration of rural labor forces to the city has made great contribution to the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization of China.However,with China’s entering the new period of high-quality development,the traditional industrialization mode is now experiencing upgrading and transformation,and the old way of rural urbanization is no longer applicable.In this context,it is notable that there has been a persistent tendency of the return of rural labor forces to their hometowns in recent years.Meanwhile,rural development is also essential for China’s economy.And as the Report of the 19th CPC National Congress pointed out,China should adhere to the strategy of Rural Revitalization.One question arises:Does this persistent going-back-home trend have the characteristics of promoting Rural Revitalization?Concretely,this paper aims to answer the question from the perspective of rural resource allocation efficiency.The main contents are as follows:Firstly,this paper studies the causes of the going-back trend to identify its distinctiveness.Secondly,we investigate the land transfer and off-farm behavior of returnees,and further analyze the change which would be brought to the efficiency of the land and human resource allocation.The empirical study using the micro-data of 2013"Thousand-Village Survey"finds that:(1)Different from the previous several temporal and passive going-home tides,the current migration is driven by both the"push"and"pull"factors,which is closely related to the current economic situation.(2)Due to their labor advantages,those going-back farmers tend to engage in and bring human capital to local off-farm industry.(3)The interesting thing is that these return migrants prefer to rent out their farmland,which therefore improves the land allocation efficiency.According to the findings,one possible policy suggestion is that,attracting excellent migrant workers back home and creating a good business and employment environment for them may be an effective way to
作者
贺小丹
董敏凯
周亚虹
He Xiaodan;Dong Minkai;Zhou Yahong(School of Economics,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,China;Physical Education Department,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China;School of Public Economics and Administration,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China;School of Economics,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China)
出处
《财经研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期19-33,共15页
Journal of Finance and Economics
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(72004145,7183304)
首都经济贸易大学北京市属高校基本科研业务费专项资金的资助
关键词
农民工回流
土地流转
非农择业
资源配置
乡村振兴
return of migrant workers
land transfer
off-farm employment
resource allocation
Rural Revitalization
