摘要
刑事立法论上的积极刑法观与消极刑法观,虽然就犯罪的成立范围表现出明显的对立,但对犯罪的刑罚处罚范围不一定存在实质分歧;不管是在国外还是在国内,“违法必究”与“有罪不罚”并存是十分正常的现象;对于行为构成犯罪但不给予刑罚处罚的普遍做法,不必用也难以用“行为规范与裁判规范的分离”来解释,不应得出“某种行为根据行为规范构成犯罪但根据裁判规范不构成犯罪”的结论;在刑事立法的活跃化不可避免的当今时代,刑事司法应当摒弃“有罪必罚”的观念,积极推进“犯罪的成立范围与处罚范围的分离”;对于大量情节较轻的犯罪只需认定犯罪的成立(可以同时给予非刑罚处罚),不必科处刑罚,这是最大限度实现刑法的法益保护机能(实现预防犯罪目的)与自由保障机能的最佳路径。
Although the positive and negative views of criminal law as manifested in criminal legislation are contradictory with respect to the establishment of a crime,they may not have any substantive difference in the punishment imposed.Whether in China or other countries,the juxtaposition of the principle that any violation of law will be punished and the practice that one crime may not be punished is very common.It is not necessary or difficult to use the"separation between behavioral norms and judgment norms"to explain the usual practice that the behavior constitutes a crime but does not impose penalties.This will certainly not make a conclusion that the behavior constitutes a crime according to the norms of behavior but not be criminally punished according to the norms of judgement.In current age when criminal legislation is actively pursued,the principle that any violation of law will be punished should be abandoned in criminal justice,while the separation between the scope of establishment crimes and scope of criminal punishment should be advocated.For these numerous lesser crimes,only the establishment of crimes is to be determined but imposed with non-criminal punishments.No criminal penalties are required.This is a best approach to realize the criminal law’s function of protecting legal interests(and preventing crimes)and liberty to the greatest extent.
出处
《东方法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期75-89,共15页
Oriental Law
关键词
犯罪的成立范围
犯罪的处罚范围
积极刑法观
消极刑法观
行为规范
裁判规范
establishment of a crime
punishment of a crime
positive view of criminal law
negative view of criminal law
norms of behavior
norms of judgement