摘要
唐德宗年间镌刻而成的《大秦景教流行中国碑》以汉字为主,部分有古叙利亚文的对照。其中古叙利亚文的地名"洛阳"(Sarag),究其来源迄今却莫衷一是。本文根据上古汉语最新拟音成果,参考梵文、中古波斯文、粟特文等多种印度—伊朗语料,推测这一"洛阳"城名应当源出伊朗语的"丝之(城)";而在内陆欧亚各族中间流行的这一丝绸术语词根,最终又源出"丝"的汉语上古音。如此而言,将中上古时期在中原繁华似锦的东都洛阳,作为西方诸族视若丝绸之路的起点所在,这就将语音对勘同历史考古成果有效结合起来了。而以"丝"字上古音为词根的众多语言之丝绸相关术语在内陆欧亚的广泛分布,反映了以丝绸为代表的中国文化西传的历时弥久和影响深远。
The Xi’an Stele of Nestorianism,sculptured in the reign of Emperor Dezong of Tang,holds the majority of Chinese characters together with a certain Old Syriac parallels.As for Sarag,Luoyang’s appellation in some Inner Eurasian languages,there are various speculations on its etymology.The present paper leads to"(city)of silk"as the etymological assignment of Sarag based on the latest reconstruction of Archaic Chinese as well as such Indo-Iranian data as Sanskrit,Middle Persian,Sogdian,etc.;furthermore,such a city name widespread in Inner Eurasia originated ultimately from the Archaic Chinese pronunciation of Chinese character絲.Accordingly,Luoyang the flourishing eastern capital of Middle Dynasties had been regarded as the beginning of the Silk Road from the perspective of westward ethnic groups,as is built up on the effective combination between phonological transcriptions and historical-archeological studies.Meanwhile,the plentiful terms of silk stemming from the Archaic Chinese pronunciation of絲restored in many Inner Eurasian languages would reflect that the Chinese culture,as representative of silk,has a long-time and deep-hit odyssey westwards.
出处
《都市文化研究》
2019年第2期34-45,共12页
Urban Cultural Studies
关键词
“洛阳”城名
伊朗语词源
“丝”字上古音
丝绸术语
Sarag(Luoyang)
Iranian etymology
Archaic Chinese reconstruction of絲
terms for silk
