摘要
目的探索生活方式对学龄期儿童心理行为状况的影响,为儿童行为问题干预提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样,于2023年5月8—20日在西安市5所小学抽取1200名9~13岁学龄儿童进行纸质问卷调查,使用青少年自评量表(YSR)对其近半年内的行为和情绪问题进行评价,通过自行设计的调查问卷收集学龄儿童的家庭基本情况、生活方式等信息,采用χ^(2)检验和二元Logistic回归模型对儿童生活方式和心理行为问题的关联进行统计分析。结果本研究中学龄儿童情绪及行为问题检出率为22.4%(252/1127),各因子中以思维问题最为突出(14.8%),其次为社交问题(10.6%)。儿童非常挑食(OR=4.595,95%CI:1.593~13.249,P=0.005)、每天完成家庭作业时间超过3h(OR=3.644,95%CI:1.640~8.096,P=0.001)、每天视屏时间>2h(OR=2.691,95%CI:1.311~5.527,P=0.007)或>3h(OR=3.542,95%CI:1.848~6.789,P<0.001)、从来不做家务(OR=7.477,95%CI:1.372~40.733,P=0.020)是学龄儿童发生情绪及行为问题的危险因素,而偶尔(OR=0.530,95%CI:0.315~0.892,P=0.017)或经常(OR=0.447,95%CI:0.266~0.753,P=0.002)参加体育锻炼、身体不适时选择找卫生员(OR=0.205,95%CI:0.115~0.365,P<0.001)或看医生(OR=0.341,95%CI:0.150~0.772,P=0.010)、婴幼儿时期很少患病(OR=0.435,95%CI:0.219~0.866,P=0.018)、有4个及以上好朋友(OR=0.270,95%CI:0.093~0.783,P=0.016)将有助于降低学龄儿童情绪及行为问题的发生风险。结论学龄儿童情绪及行为问题与其生活方式高度相关,应关注儿童思维和社交问题,提倡科学饮食、积极锻炼、鼓励儿童适当参与家务劳动、减少视屏时间,控制不良生活习惯将有助于其行为问题的改善。
Objective To explore the association between lifestyle and psycho-behavioral problems in school-age children,in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention of children′s behavioral problems.Methods Using stratified whole-cluster sampling,1200 school-age children aged 9-13 years in Xi′an were selected for a paper questionnaire survey in May 2023.Their behavioral and emotional problems in the past six months were evaluated using the Youth Self-Report(YSR).Information on basic family situation and lifestyles was collected through self-designed questionnaires on the demographic characteristics of their families and their lifestyles.The correlation between children′s lifestyles and psycho-behavioral problems was explored and validated using theχ^(2)test and binary logistic Logistic regression model.Results The detection rate of psychological and behavioral problems in school-age children in this study was 22.4%(252/1127).Thinking problems were most prominent among the factors(14.8%),followed by social problems(10.6%).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that picking eating(OR=4.595,95%CI:1.593-13.249),doing homework>3h/d(OR=3.644,95%CI:1.640-8.096),and screen time>2h/d(OR=2.691,95%CI:1.311-5.527)or>3h/d(OR=3.542,95%CI:1.848-6.789),and never doing housework(OR=7.477,95%CI:1.372-40.733)were risk factors for psychological and behavioral problems in school-age children.Occasional(OR=0.530,95%CI:0.315-0.892)or frequent(OR=0.447,95%CI:0.266-0.753)participation in physical activity,visiting a healthcare worker(OR=0.205,95%CI:0.115-0.365)or a doctor(OR=0.341,95%CI:0.150-0.772)in sick,having few illnesses in infancy and early childhood(OR=0.435,95%CI:0.219-0.866),and having 4 or more good friends(OR=0.270,95%CI:0.093-0.783)reduced the risk of developing psychological and behavioral problems in school-age children.Conclusions Lifestyle of school-age children is closely related to psycho-behavioral problems.Paying attention to children′s thinking and social problems,advocating scientific diet,active
作者
李文静
马倩倩
陈晨
李骏
毋丹丹
曾令霞
LI Wenjing;MA Qianqian;CHEN Chen;LI Jun;WU Dandan;ZENG Lingxia(Xi′an Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China;Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health of Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710061,China;Department of Military Medical Psychology,Air Force Medical University)
出处
《中国儿童保健杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期718-724,共7页
Chinese Journal of Child Health Care
基金
国家自然科学基金(81872633)
西安市科技计划项目(22YXYJ0091)
关键词
学龄儿童
行为问题
生活方式
school-age children
behavioral problems
lifestyle
