摘要
非洲许多国家都面临政治权威制度化的挑战,总统权力如何实现和平过渡一直是非洲各国最有争议的问题之一。作为该问题的典型国家之一,乌干达于2017年再度修改宪法,并在政党力量失衡、利益集团作用和公民社会受限等因素综合作用下,成功废除宪法第102(b)条对总统年龄的限制。该法案的通过,意味着现任总统约韦里·穆塞韦尼可以在2021年继续参与竞选,并且有望连任至2031年,届时他将满90岁。乌干达年龄限制法案从宣传酝酿阶段到议会辩论阶段,均不断引起争议,大众舆论对该法案的负面认知和情感判断使得乌干达政治、经济和社会发展面临着严峻的治理危机,如何克服这一困境,完善符合乌干达国情的制度,实现国家现代化建设,值得深入思考。本文主要根据文献分析和抽样访谈的结果,对该法案的背景、历程、舆情和困境进行解读和分析,以促进对乌干达政治现实问题的了解和研究。
Many countries in Africa are facing the challenge of the institutionalization of political authority,and access to the peaceful transition of presidential power has been one of the most controversial issues since Africa’s independence.Under the combined effects of unbalanced political party system,active interest groups and restricted civil society,Uganda,one of the typical countries of this problem,passed the constitutional amendment law in 2017 that removed the 75-year presidential age limit clause 102(b)that paved way for life presidency in Uganda and allows the incumbent President Museveni to run in the 2021 elections and is expected to be re-elected consecutively till 2031,when he will be 90 years old.The Uganda Age Limit Bill had been controversial from the propaganda stage to the parliamentary debate stage,besides,the negative perception and emotional judgment of the public opinion on Age Limit Bill had put Uganda’s political,economic and social development in the face of a severe crisis of governance.How to overcome this dilemma,improve the political system in line with Uganda’s national conditions,and realize the modernization of the country is worthy of deep thinking.Based on the results of literature analysis and sample interviews,this paper analyzes the background,process,public sentiment and predicament of the bill in order to promote understanding and research on political reality in Uganda.
出处
《非洲研究》
2019年第1期-,共15页
African Studies
关键词
乌干达
宪法修正案
总统年龄限制
Uganda
Constitutional Amendment
Presidential Age Limit
