摘要
文章利用2017年及2018年春节期间福州市大气超级监测站的逐小时监测数据,研究烟花爆竹燃放对城市大气PM2.5成分的影响,运用PM2.5监测仪、在线离子色谱分析仪、黑碳仪对PM2.5中的各成分进行监测分析。结果表明,烟花爆竹燃放期间,气象条件处于静稳状态,更有利于污染物的累积,烟花爆竹燃放对SO2气体浓度影响较大。PM2.5浓度显著增加,PM2.5/PM10比值与PM2.5浓度峰值处呈负相关,说明烟花爆竹燃放时段主要增加的颗粒物是粒径较粗的粒子,但在整个观测时期主要还是细粒子污染;各水溶性组分(Cl-、K+、Mg2+、Na+、SO42-)在PM2.5中的占比也有大幅提升,说明烟花爆竹对它们存在影响,对K+和Cl-的影响效果最为明显;对比2年的各类组分相关系数结果发现2017年春节期间PM2.5上升的主要影响因素为烟花爆竹燃烧,而2018年PM2.5浓度的增加是烟花爆竹燃烧与二次生成过程共同作用的结果。同时烟花爆竹燃放期间,BC浓度大约是平时的3.5倍,说明烟花爆竹燃放对其也有一定影响,吸收系数、消光系数均大幅上升,导致能见度下降。
This study used the hourly monitoring data of Fuzhou Atmospheric Super Station during the Spring Festival of2017 and 2018 to study the effects of fireworks and firecrackers on the PM2.5composition of Fuzhou atmosphere.Using PM2.5monitor,online ion chromatograph,black carbon meter to monitore and analysis each component of PM2.5.The results show that during the fireworks and firecrackers,the meteorological conditions are in a static state,which is more conducive to the accumulation of pollutants.The fireworks and firecrackers have a greater impact on the SO2concentration.The concentration of PM2.5increased significantly,and the ratio of PM2.5/PM10was negatively correlated with the peak of PM2.5concentration,indicating that the particles mainly increased in the fireworks period were coarse particles,but they were mainly fine particles throughout the observation period.The proportion of each water-soluble component(Cl-,K+,Mg2+,Na+,SO42-)in PM2.5also increased significantly,indicating that fireworks and firecrackers have an effect on them,and the effect on K+and Cl-is the most effective.It is obviously that comparing the correlation coefficient of various components in two observation time,it is found that the main influencing factor of PM2.5rise during the Spring Festival of 2017 is fireworks,the increase of PM2.5concentration in 2018 is the common process of fireworks burning and secondary generation.At the same time,during the fireworks burning,the BC concentration is about 3.5 times than usual,indicating that the fireworks also have a certain impact on it,and the absorption coefficient and extinction coefficient are greatly increased,resulting in a decrease in visibility.
作者
胡清华
陈晓秋
张福旺
李时政
盛世杰
HU Qinghua;CHEN Xiaoqiu;ZHANG Fuwang;LI Shizheng;SHENG Shijie(Fujian Provincial Environmental Monitoring Central Station,Fuzhou 350003,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210000,China;Wuxi CAS Photonics Co.,Ltd,Wuxi 214000,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第S02期223-231,共9页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金委促进海峡两岸科技合作联合基金(U1405235).
