摘要
【目的】城市更新背景下城市治理更多关注小微公共空间。以景观服务为研究视角,精确匹配空间使用者的户外休闲需求,量化分析小微公共空间景观服务的休闲活动支持能力,可为构建休闲活动可供性中主体属性与休闲活动类型间的匹配机制提供参考。【方法】以天津市和平区的小微空间为研究对象,基于高清卫星遥感影像(high-resolution remote sensing images,HRRS),以兴趣点(point of interest,POI)、OSM(OpenStreetMap)数据为优化依据,进行宏观尺度下小微空间的定位与识别;聚焦景观可供性视角下的环境使用者范式,通过公共空间-公共生活调研法(public space&public life survey,PSPL)与公共性空间指标评价模型(public space index,PSI)得出小微空间的景观可供性、景观休闲功能的供应能力,进而评价和平区小微空间的整体景观服务能力。【结果】主要得出3个研究结果:天津市和平区75个小微空间的空间位置、空间规模信息,以及小微空间对于休闲活动支持能力的评价;基于环境属性和主体属性的小微空间景观休闲活动可供性评价;主体属性的5类支持性所支持的休闲活动类型在小微空间中的占比与分布情况。【结论】发现75个小微空间5 min内的可达性较差、噪声风险较小、景观连续性参差不齐;75个小微空间中有58个休闲活动可供性不完整,完整率仅有24%。梳理出与公园、广场、街边交通小微空间所适配的活动类型。可为不同主体属性的小微空间提出休闲功能适配方案,为城市小微空间治理提供参考。
[Objective]Urban governance in the context of urban renewal pays more attention to small and micro public spaces.From the perspective of landscape service,this research quantitatively analyzes the capacity of landscape service of micro and small public spaces to support leisure activities by accurately matching the outdoor leisure needs of space users,with a view to providing reference for constructing a matching mechanism between subjective attributes of the scheduled affordances of leisure activities and the types of leisure activities.[Methods]Taking the small and micro spaces in Heping District of Tianjin as the research object and point of interest(POI)data and OSM(OpenStreetMap)data as the optimization basis,this research,based on high-resolution remote sensing images(HRRS),positions and identifies small and micro spaces at the macro scale.Focusing on the environmental user paradigm from the perspective of landscape scheduled affordances,the research adopts the public space&public life survey(PSPL)and the public space index(PSI)methods to determine the landscape scheduled affordances and the supply capacity of landscape leisure functions of small and micro spaces,thus obtaining the evaluations on the overall landscape service capacity of micro and small spaces in Heping District.[Results]The above methodology yields the following three main findings:spatial location and spatial scale information of 75 micro and small spaces in Heping District,Tianjin,and evaluation on their support capacity for leisure activities;evaluation on the scheduled affordances of landscape leisure activities in micro and small spaces based on the environmental and subjective attributes;and proportion and distribution of the types of leisure activities supported by the five supportive aspects of subjective attributes in different types of micro and small spaces.[Conclusion]The research concludes that:The 5-minute accessibility of the 75 micro and small spaces is poor,the noise risk is small,and the landscape continuity is uneven;the
作者
乌伦赛
胡一可
陈江为
WU Lunsai;HU Yike;CHEN Jiangwei(Field Cube Studio;School of Architecture,Tianjin University;Department of Landscape Architecture in the School of Architecture,Tianjin University)
出处
《风景园林》
2023年第S02期74-81,共8页
Landscape Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目“基于中华语境‘建筑-人-环境’融贯机制的当代营建体系重构研究”(编号52038007)
关键词
景观可供性
小微空间识别
空间适配性
landscape scheduled affordances
identification of micro and small space
spatial adaption
