摘要
面向具有深度不确定性的危机事件应急响应时,公共部门的认知有限性与响应紧迫性之间产生了现实张力,危机学习是调适这一张力的重要变量。本文基于武汉应对新冠疫情的应急响应过程,采用扎根理论分析公共部门在应急响应中的危机学习动态过程,理清公共部门危机学习的行为逻辑。研究表明:认知模糊、认知获取、认知内化、嵌入响应和互动扩散是应急响应中公共部门危机学习的关键要素,应急响应中的公共部门危机学习是公共部门对危机认知先建构再解构的过程。“认知模糊—认知获取—认知内化”三阶段组成了公共部门危机学习中认知建构的过程,即公共部门在认知模糊的驱动下,从经验、专家、在地和交互认知等渠道全面地获取危机认知,再通过层级传达和部门协同实现公共部门内部对新危机认知的悉知与理解。公共部门危机学习认知解构包括应用与沟通两条路径,应用路径由公共部门从危机认知中识别和提取其职能部门分工下所涉及的相关认知,并将认知嵌入其职能分工下的应急响应决策中。沟通路径强调公共部门对其他不同社会主体的危机认知扩散,实现全面的风险沟通。
Facing the crisis emergency response with deep uncertainty,there is a real tension between the public sector's cognitive limitation and the urgency of response,and crisis learning is an important variable to adjust this tension.Based on the emergency response process of the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan,this study analyzes the dynamic process of public sector crisis learning in emergency response using grounded theory and clarifies the behavioral logic of public sector crisis learning.This study shows that cognitive ambiguity,cognitive extraction acquiring,cognition internalization,embedded response,and interactive diffusion are the key elements of public sector crisis learning in emergency response,and public sector crisis learning in emergency response is the process of the public sector's first construction and then deconstruction of crisis cognition.The three stages of,including cognitive ambiguity,cognitive extraction and internalized cognition,constitute the process of cognitive construction in public sector crisis learning,that is,driven by cognitive ambiguity,the public sector comprehensively extracts crisis cognition from experience,experts,local and interactive cognition,and then realizes the full perception and understanding of new crisis cognition within the public sector through hierarchical communication and departmental collaboration.Deconstruction includes application and communication paths.In the application path,the public sector identifies and extracts the related cognition involved in the division of functions,and embeds the cognition into their crisis decision-making.The communication path emphasizes the diffusion of the public sector's crisis cognition to other different subjects and achieve a comprehensive risk communication.
出处
《风险灾害危机研究》
2023年第2期122-144,共23页
Journal of Risk, Disaster & Crisis Research
关键词
应急响应
公共部门
危机学习
扎根理论
Emergency Response
Public Sector
Crisis Learning
Grounded Theory
