摘要
刑事司法实践中,高空抛物行为可能涉及多种罪名,但总体来看,对于高空抛物的刑事规制存在失序、失准和失范的状况。依《关于依法妥善审理高空抛物、坠物案件的意见》,以危险方法罪规制高空抛物行为应当依循法教义学的解释路径:对高空抛物行为进行是否属于"其他危险方法"以及是否"危害公共安全"的规范判断。以该意见为主线,对高空抛物行为的司法审查应当遵循如下步骤:在行为没有导致严重后果时,应考察行为是否"足以危害公共安全",如果是,则依照《刑法》第114条的规定处罚;如果否,则区分行为人的主观心态构成故意犯罪(未遂)或者不构成犯罪(过失)。在行为导致严重后果时,应当考察行为是否"危害公共安全",如果是,则依照《刑法》第115条第1款的规定进行处罚;如果否,则区分行为人的主观心态构成相应的故意犯罪或者过失犯罪。刑事责任之外,应当引入行政责任以规制无法进行刑事评价的高空抛物行为。
In the practice of criminal justice,high-altitude parabolic behavior may involve a variety of crimes,but overall,the criminal regulation of high-altitude parabolic exists out of order,misalignment and anomie.According to the"Opinions on the Proper Trial of High-altitude Parabolic and Falling Cases According to Law",the regulation of high-altitude parabolic behaviors with the crime of dangerous methods should follow the path of interpretation of legal doctrine:whether"other dangerous methods"and"endanger public safety"should be carried out on high-altitude parabolic behaviors"Standard judgment".Taking the"Opinions"as the main line,the judicial review of the high-altitude parabolic behavior should follow the following steps:when the behavior does not cause serious consequences,it should be investigated whether the behavior is"sufficient to endanger public safety",if it is,then be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 114 of the Criminal Law;If not,the distinction between the perpetrator’s subjective mentality constitutes intentional crime(attempt)or does not constitute crime(negligence).When the behavior leads to serious consequences,it should be investigated whether the behavior"endangers public safety",if it is,then punishment in accordance with the provisions of Article 115,paragraph 1 of the Criminal Law;if not,the subjective mentality of the actor constitutes a corresponding intentional or negligent crime.In addition to criminal responsibility,administrative responsibility should be introduced to regulate high-altitude parabolic behavior that cannot be criminally evaluated.
出处
《刑法论丛》
2020年第4期270-299,共30页
Criminal Law Review
基金
国家留学基金委员会“建设高水平大学公派研究生项目”资助
关键词
高空抛物
以危险方法危害公共安全罪
刑法教义学
行政责任
High-altitude Parabolic
Crime of Endangering Public Safety by Dangerous Methods
Criminal Law Teaching
Administrative Responsibility
