摘要
我国实习争议处理的现状和问题是:实习争议缺乏定型化和法定化,严重缺乏实体权利设置,实习争议分类与处理极其混乱,实习工伤保险救济严重缺失。创建实习争议处理制度,应当包括协商、调解、仲裁和诉讼四大方面。首先,创建调解制度,应当以非诉讼程序为原则,将协商与调解合并,仍需要参鉴域外经验,将调解作为前置性必经程序,集体实习争议还要实行“一调终局”,并实行多方机制。其次,创建仲裁制度,改劳动争议“先裁后审”为自愿性程序,而不再作为诉讼的前置条件,对数额较小的实习争议实行“一裁终局”。再次,实习争议诉讼制度实行“先调后审”和专门管辖,借新设专门劳动法院或法庭之契机,参照苏州劳动法庭经验,将实习等“不完全劳动关系”纳入劳动法院或法庭的专门管辖。最后,制度构建不能或缺法律规范,在后《民法典》时代,应当及时启动实习立法,为实习争议处理提供法律支撑。
The present situation and question of China’s internship dispute processing are:internship dispute lack of standardization and legalization,serious lack of entity rights setting,internship dispute classification and treatment is extremely chaotic,internship injury insurance relief is seriously missing.The establishment of the internship dispute settlement system should include four aspects:negotiation,mediation,arbitration and litigation.Firstly,a mediation system should be established,which should be based on the principle of non-litigation procedure,combining negotiation and mediation.We should still need to consult the experience outside the region and take mediation as a prerequisite necessary procedure.Collective internship dispute should also implement“one mediation of final”,and implement multi-party mechanism.Secondly,create the arbitration system;change the labor dispute“adjudication before adjudication”into a voluntary procedure,and no longer as a pre-condition of litigation,for the small amount of internship disputes to implement the“one arbitration final”.Thirdly,the internship dispute litigation system implements“mediation before trial”and special jurisdiction,taking the opportunity of the newly established special labor court or court,and referring to the experience of Suzhou Labor Court,the practice and other“incomplete labor relations”are brought into the special jurisdiction of the labor court.Finally,the system construction cannot or lack of legal norms,in the post-Civil Code era,we should timely start internship legislation,to provide legal support for the settlement of internship disputes.
作者
问清泓
WEN Qing-hong(School of Literature,Law and Economics,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)
出处
《河北法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第12期17-41,共25页
Hebei Law Science
基金
国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“实习制度创新研究”(BJA190101)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
实习争议
调解优先
一调终局
一裁终局
先调后审
劳动法院
internship dispute
mediation is given priority
one mediation of final
one arbitration final
mediation before trial
labor court
