摘要
基于河南省15个气象站点1960-2018年的逐日降水资料,采用合成分析、Morlet小波分析及GIS等方法,对59 a来河南省汛期降水集中度(PCD)和集中期(PCP)的时空演变特征进行了分析.结果表明:(1)1960-2018年河南省汛期降水以7.79 mm/(10 a)的倾向率呈波动上升趋势,空间上呈东南向西北逐渐递减趋势,河南省南部地区汛期降水量大,变异系数大,发生洪涝灾害的可能性较大.59 a年来汛期降水存在28 a左右的主周期变化.(2)河南省汛期PCD变化范围为0.16~0.56,PCP在36~44候之间,河南省汛期最大降水出现在6月下旬至8月上旬之间,PCD和PCP分别以-0.02/(10 a)和-0.133候/(10 a)的倾向率呈波动下降趋势,表明河南省汛期降水趋向均匀分布,降水集中期趋于推迟.从空间分布来看,河南省东北部比西南部地区汛期降水更为集中,汛期降水集中期大致由西南向东北逐渐推迟.PCD和PCP均具有27~28 a左右的主周期变化.(3)河南省多水年和少水年汛期PCD和PCP差异明显,多水年由北到南在安阳—新乡—郑州—许昌—驻马店一线汛期降水较周边地区更为集中,而少水年豫东地区相对更为集中.多水年汛期最大降水由南向北逐渐推迟,少水年汛期最大降水则由中部地区向南北两侧提前.
Based on the daily precipitation data of 15 meteorological stations in Henan Province from 1960 to 2018,the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of precipitation concentration degree(PCD)and precipitation concentration period(PCP)in flood season in Henan during the past 59 years were analyzed by means of synthetic analysis,morlet wavelet analysis and GIS.The results show that:(1)from 1960 to 2018,the precipitation in flood season in Henan showed an upward trend with the tendency rate of 7.79 mm/(10 a),and a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest in space.The possibility of flood disaster was high in Southern Henan area because of the larger precipitation and the larger coefficient of variation in the flood season.In the past 59 years,the main period of precipitation was about 28 years.(2)the variation range of PCD and PCP in flood season was 0.16-0.56 and 36-44,and the maximum precipitation in flood season was from late June to early August in Henan.The tendency rates of PCD and PCP were-0.02/(10 a)and-0.133/(10 a)respectively,showing that the precipitation in flood season tended to be evenly distributed and the precipitation concentration period tended to be delayed.From the perspective of spatial distribution,the precipitation in northeast of Henan was more concentrated than that in the southwest,and PCP in flood season was gradually postponed from southwest to northeast.PCD and PCP had a main period of about 27-28 years.(3)The difference of PCD and PCP was obvious in flood season of the years with more water and less water in Henan.In the years of more water,from north to south,the precipitation along Anyang,Xinxiang,Zhengzhou,Xuchang and Zhumadian was more concentrated in flood season than that in the surrounding areas,while the precipitation in the Eastern Henan was more concentrated in less water years.In the years of more water,the maximum precipitation in flood season was gradually delayed from south to north,while the maximum precipitation was advanced from the central region to the north
作者
张志高
郭超凡
尹纪媛
蔡茂堂
耿益新
辛子怡
ZHANG Zhigao;GUO Chaofan;YIN Jiyuan;CAI Maotang;GENG Yixin;XIN Ziyi(School of Resources Environment and Tourism,Anyang Normal University,Henan Anyang 455000,China;Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《河南大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2021年第1期20-28,共9页
Journal of Henan University:Natural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41602366)
河南省高等学校青年骨干教师资助项目(2020GGJS188)
河南省高等学校重点科研项目(20A170001)
河南省教育厅资助项目(2021-ZDJH-016)
关键词
汛期降水
集中度
集中期
时空特征
河南省
precipitation in flood season
precipitation concentration degree
precipitation concentration period
spatial-temporal characteristics
Henan Province
