摘要
晚商“王卜贞”战争卜辞中■、■分别义为以册告人和征伐,“■侯、田■敌方”并非誓师或报告军情,而是商王遣使发布的战命,意即商王遣使册告侯、田征伐敌方,其后“妥余一人”读为“绥余一人”,意即商王希冀侯、田保卫王身。“爯册■+敌方”是臣子在商王面前称述商王所作伐敌之命。两句均是“特殊叙辞”,用来引出后文贞问商王参战受佑等事项。与此类似,周方创制了周原卜辞,其中庙祭卜辞贞卜商王征伐周方是否受佑。这些卜辞反映了以商为中心的晚商战事情况,并形成了较固定的语言格式,对周代影响深远。
■、■of the oracle bone scripts on war divinated by king in late Shang.mean proclaiming something by books and going on a punitive expedition.The meaning of“舞/■侯、田■敌方”isn't taking a mass pledge or reporting military situation,but sending a letter to the allies to attack the enemy by the king.The following“妥余一人”should be read as“绥余一人”,meaning that the king expects the allies to defend his throne.“爯册■+敌方”means that the officials declare the order he had been given against the enemy in the presence of the king.Both sentences are special narrative texts,which are used to induce whether the king was protected in the war.Similarly,Zhou creates the oracle bone scripts of Zhouyuan,among which,the scripts mainly about sacrificing in the temple divinate whether Zhou was protected.All scripts reflect the situation of wars centered on during late Shang,and form a more fixed language format,with a profound influence on the Zhou Dynasty.
作者
黄静静
刁俊豪
Huang Jingjing;Diao Junhao
出处
《黄河文明与可持续发展》
2024年第1期81-95,共15页
Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development
基金
清华大学自主科研计划“清华简书类文献与商周金文合证”(2021THZWJC21)阶段性成果
关键词
王卜贞
■
■
余一人
周原
the oracle bone scripts divinated by kings
■
■
Yu Yiren
Zhouyuan
