摘要
作为魏晋玄学世界观、人生观及汉唐儒道经传理性诠释重要理论的玄学经学体"道"则"天"的圣人观,何晏、王弼等在建构时,其首先是注重对"道"的体认——将先秦融通儒道经典的《易》之形上之"道",经秦汉尤其是汉儒至上"天"论之后,又重新提升到"天"这一孔子儒家最高经学观念之上;更弱化甚或剔除了孔子儒家之"道"的人伦义及汉儒"天"观念的神秘性及其神学义,使其更具理性和哲理性意蕴。进而可被称为"新道家"的魏晋玄学家的"道"论;然后是魏晋玄学家又大都继承先秦儒家与道家的天、道、德两两合言或对言、甚至是以"天道"言"道"的"道"论思路,而进一步推演、深化之。特别是魏晋玄学家,因其以《易传》形上之"道"或曰其所提升的本原之"道"总控、融通儒、道两家之"道",并把道家老庄之体"道"与儒家之因敬天而法"天"这两大一而二而又二而一的层面(儒、道两家的各自侧重与特色),改造、整合为体"道"前提上的则"天"。汉唐尤其是这一时期的玄、佛《春秋》学学者,某种角度上说,以此为经学理性诠释的理论指导,来注解与阐发原有的《春秋》经传文本,这显明地体现在这些汉唐《春秋》学学者的对其中"道"与"天"的相应注疏及著述中。
As an important theory of metaphysical concept of the world and the view of life and the interpretation of Confucianism and Taoism in the Han and Tang dynasties,He Yan and Wang Bi paid attention to the understanding of Taoism and promoted it to“heaven”after the Qin and Han dynasties,especially the Han Confucianism supremed“heaven”and weakened or even eliminated the Confucian“Taoism”and the mystery and theology of the Han Confucianism“Tian(heaven)”concept.Then the metaphysics of the Wei and Jin dynasties,which can be called“new Taoism”,inherited the thoughts of“Tao”of the pre-Qin Confucianism and Taoism.In particular,the metaphysics of the Wei and Jin dynasties used its“Tao”in the form of Yi Zhuan or the“Tao”in the origin of its promotion in the integration of Confucianism and Taoism,and transformed it to“Respect Heaven”in the premise of understanding“Taoism”.In the Han and Tang Dynasties,the scholars on the Spring and Autumn Annals took it as the theoretical guidance of the rational interpretation of the classics,which is clearly reflected in their notes and writings on Taoism and“Heaven”.
出处
《汉籍与汉学》
2021年第1期102-112,共11页
Chinese Books and Sinology
基金
国家社科基金年度项目(16BZX055)“经学观念视野下的汉唐《春秋》学研究”的阶段性成果
关键词
汉唐玄、佛《春秋》学
玄学经学的圣人观
体“道”则“天”
理性诠释
Study on the Spring and Autumn Annals in metaphysics and Buddhism of the Han and Tang dynasty
view of sage from metaphysics and classics study
Respect“heaven”in the premise of understanding Taoism
rational interpretation
