摘要
"民法(ius civile)"存在多种意义。作为国法之私法的民法蕴含了"自然状态之人(拉丁文:homo,德文:Mensch)"与"法律状态之人(拉丁文:persona,德文:Person)"区分法理,该法理是罗马法学传统固有的民事主体立法理论基础。《德国民法典》立足康德的内在自由观,运用"法能力"概念发展了这一传统,而《瑞士民法典》则发展出人格立法大一统格局。从民法发展史角度看,我国《民法典》第13条与第14条存在未区分"自然状态之人与法律状态之人"的法理缺陷,需要修改。
"Civil law(ius civile)"has multiple meanings.Civil law,as a private law of the national law,implies the distinction between"person in natural state(Latin:homo,German:Mensch)"and"person in legal state(Latin:persona,German:Person)",which is the inherent jurisprudential basis of legislation of the civil subject in Roman law tradition.German Civil Code,which is based on Kant’s inherent freedom concept,developed this tradition by applying the concept of"legal capacity",while Swiss Civil Code developed a unified pattern of personality legislation.From the perspective of the development history of civil law,Article 13 and Article 14 of Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China has a legal flaw that does not distinguish between"person in natural state and person in legal state"and needs to be revised.
作者
陈庆
Chen Qing(Law School and Institute for the Studies of Latin Classics,Southwest University,Chongqing400715,China)
出处
《河南大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期29-39,共11页
Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences）
关键词
民法
人
人格
自然人
民事权利能力
civil law
person
personality
natural person
capacity for civil rights
