摘要
布尔迪厄国家学说是当代欧洲国家理论的重要组成部分,但由于其文本固有的理解难度以及国家论述的晚近显现,它几乎被置于当代国家学说的学术研究视野之外。通过布尔迪厄的《论国家》《国家的再思考》等篇章,可以发现,他对作为理想类型的国家进行了一种将思维抽象化与分析具象化相结合的哲学反思,其国家学说是一种具有综合性与哲学化的理论思考。布尔迪厄国家学说根植于欧洲社会传统与当代西方世界的双重语境之中,既是马克思、韦伯和涂尔干所代表的现代欧洲国家理论的有效延续,又来自不同批判性阐释路径的时代断裂,是解释视角、理论指认与话语效应上的"象征性革命"。相对于一般的国家理论而言,布尔迪厄是在"灭圣"中确认国家的隐秘机制,通过象征性资本、象征性暴力、权力场域等核心范畴的论辩,超越了一个关于国家内部生产场域的社会学及构建于其上的国家功能的思维分类模式,最终将国家理论的学术谱系从"扰人的科学"中解放出来,创新了国家作为社会政治哲学之典范的话语体系。
The Bourdieu’s theory of the state is an important part of contemporary European state theories,but it has almost been excluded from the academic research field of contemporary state theories due tothe d"ifficulty in understanding the text and the late appearance of state discourse.Through his"On theStateand"Rethinking the State",it can be found that Bourdieu reflected philosophically on the idealstate,combining abstract thinking with concrete analysis.His theory of the state is a comprehensive andphilosophical theory of the state.Bourdieu’s theory of the state takes root in the dual context of Europeansocial traditions and the contemporary Western world.It is not only an effective continuation of modernEuropean state theories represented by Marx,Weber and Durkheim,but also a"symbolic revolution"inexplanatory perspective,theoretical identification and discourse effect,deriving from a rupture betweendifferent critical interpretation paths.Compared with other state theories,Bourdieu’s theory validatesthe secret mechanism of the state by"destroying all saints".Through the argument on such corecategories as symbolic capital,symbolic violence and power domain,it transcends the sociology on theinternal production field of the state as well as the thinking classification model of the state functionthat is b"uilt on the former,finally liberating the academic pedigree of state theory from the"disturbingscience,and in novatinga discourse system in which the state serves as a model of social and politicalphilosophy.
出处
《江苏社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期70-79,242,共11页
Jiangsu Social Sciences
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“马克思主义国家学说的创新逻辑学说研究”(19BZZ002)
国家社会科学基金重点项目“党的十八大以来政治思潮的演进及社会影响研究”(20AZZ001)阶段性成果
