摘要
1965年新加坡独立建国后,其历史教育长期处于被边缘化的状态、未受政府重视,从1984年出版第一部中学国史教科书起,此后直到2015年最新版中学国史教科书的出版,其间历经了多个版本的演进。这些教科书着意书写新加坡故事、构筑民族国家记忆,其中对新加坡具有转折意义的第二次世界大战的历史记忆建构,尤其受到重视。无论是独立建国初期涉及新加坡历史的教科书,还是1984年以后不同版本的统一的中学国史教科书,艰辛与恐怖始终是它们的叙事基调,塑造和传承着新加坡人的二战创伤记忆。同时,这些教科书也通过二战主题叙事篇幅的增加,叙事框架脉络由马来亚地区本位转向新加坡中心本位,英雄人物叙事的强化、泛族群化,族群间战争经历叙述的同质化,以及二战历史教训的添设等多个维度,推动着二战记忆图景的变动。记忆图景变动的背后,暗含着新加坡政府着眼当下、建构国家认同的现实导向。
Since the 1980s,the Singapore authorities have changed the practice of desalinating history education in the early days of independence,and began to deliberately write stories about Singapore in high-school history textbooks to build Singapore's national memory.In this process,the writing of the history of the Second World War,which served as a turning point in the development of the nation state of Singapore,received particular attention.Whether in textbooks related to Singapore's history in the early years of independence,or in the high school history textbooks in different versions since 1984,hardship,suffering and fear have always been the keynote of their narratives,shaping and inheriting the traumatic memories of WWII among Singaporeans.The narrative themes,frameworks and pan-ethnicization of heroic narratives indicate the strategic intentions of the Singaporean elites who used the collective memory of WWII to construct an“imagined community”,using it as a link to connect and construct the national identity of the Singaporeans.The change of memory picture implies that the government of Singapore focuses on the present and is reality-oriented in the construction of national identity.
作者
朱大伟
Zhu Dawei(Center for Singapore Studies,Gannan Normal University,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000)
出处
《军事历史研究》
CSSCI
2022年第6期83-94,共12页
Military History Research
基金
2019年国家社会科学基金一般项目“东南亚国家二战历史记忆建构研究”(19BSS043)
关键词
新加坡
国史
教科书
二战记忆
国家认同
Singapore
national history
textbook
memory of World War II
national identity
